叶尔羌河流域胡杨春尺蠖虫态发育节律对地表温度的响应  

The response of developmental rhythm of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff in Yarkant River Basin to surface temperature

作　　者：刘逸豪 贾翔[1,2] 侯博展 陈蜀江 黄铁成[1,3] 来风兵 LIU Yihao;JIA Xiang;HOU Bozhan;CHEN Shujiang;HUANG Tiecheng;LAI Fengbing(College of Geography Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,ürümqi 830054,China;ürümqi Institute of Spatial Remote Sensing Applications,ürümqi 830054,China;Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]乌鲁木齐空间遥感应用研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]北京林业大学精准林业北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《生态科学》2019年第2期119-129,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460167);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501503)

摘　　要：以叶尔羌河流域胡杨林分布区为研究区域,以胡杨春尺蠖(Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff)为研究对象,借助遥感技术和MODIS等遥感产品,分析2001—2015年的胡杨春尺蠖活动期温度变化特征,结合实地调查的胡杨春尺蠖虫情信息,分析近15年来胡杨春尺蠖虫态发育节律与温度的关系,为进一步探究叶尔羌河流域胡杨春尺蠖危害发生时间、发生规律、危害程度及时间分布规律提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)2001—2015年胡杨春尺蠖活动期平均温度整体变化趋势基本稳定, 2、3、4月份平均温度总体变化趋势持续降低,温度回升速度变慢,胡杨春尺蠖的危害期逐渐延长;(2)虫蛹总数、虫卵数量、虫口密度均呈现增长的态势,表明胡杨春尺蠖虫害发生程度日趋严重;(3)治理胡杨春尺蠖幼虫的最佳时期是三龄幼虫之前,胡杨春尺蠖各虫态与温度之间的关系是符合生物学发生规律的,具体关系如下:V=0.0920/1+exp(2.4860-0.0887T)(春尺蛾活动期), V=0.9828/1+exp(4.4052-101268T)(卵活动期), V=0.1410/1+exp(3.7863-0.1595T)(幼虫活动期)。In this study,the distribution area of Populus euphratica in the Yarkant River Basin was taken as the research area.The Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was taken as the research object.By using remote sensing technology,MODIS remote sensing data and we obtained the information of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff,and analyzed the temperature change characteristics in activity phase and relationship between temperature and developmental rhythm of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015.It can provide scientific basis for further exploring on the time,law,degree and time distribution of disaster outbreak in of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff in Yarkant River Basin.The results are as follows.(1)The overall change trend of average temperature in activity phase was basically stable of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff during 2001-2015.The overall trend of average temperature in February,March and April continued to decrease,and the rate of temperature recovery slowed down.The harm period was prolonged gradually of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff.(2)The total number of pupae,the number of eggs and the population density all showed an increasing trend,indicating that the disaster caused by Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff was getting worse.(3)The first and second instar larvae were the best time to control the disaster of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff.The relationship between the temperature and the state of each insect conforms of Populus euphratica Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff obeyed to the law of biological occurrence.They were shown as:V=0.0920/1+exp(2.4860-0.0887T)(Apocheima Cinerius Erschoff activity phase),V=0.9828/1+exp(4.4052-101268T)(Egg activity phase),V=0.1410/1+exp(3.7863-0.1595T)(Larval active phase).

关 键 词：叶尔羌河流域 胡杨春尺蠖 发育节律 虫态 温度 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]