苹果矮化中间砧对接穗品种枝条输导组织解剖结构的影响  

Effect of Apple Dwarf Rootstock on Anatomy Structure of Conducting Tissue in Branch of Scion

作　　者：李春燕[1] 杨廷桢[1] 王新平[1] 王淑婷[1] 王骞[1] 蔡华成[1] 杜学梅[1] 高敬东[1] 弓桂花[1] LI Chunyan;YANG Tingzhen;WANG Xinping;WANG Shuting;WANG Qian;CAI Huacheng;DU Xuemei;GAO Jingdong;GONG Guihua(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology,Pomology Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2019年第3期404-411,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：山西省青年科技研究基金(201601D02114);山西省农科院果树研究所所级项目(201524);山西省农科院特色农业技术攻关(YGG17035);现代苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站(CARS-27);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划(20133BAD02B01);山西省科技厅产业链项目(2015-TN-03-02);山西省农业科学院院重点项目(YGG1640)~~

摘　　要：为研究苹果矮化砧对接穗品种枝条输导组织解剖结构的影响,探讨苹果矮化砧致矮关键部位及其致矮机理,以不同致矮能力的Y系苹果矮化砧及其中间砧嫁接植株为试材,以野生山定子为对照,采用石蜡切片法,研究苹果矮化砧对接穗品种1 a生枝各组织尤其是输导组织解剖结构的影响。结果显示,Y系苹果矮化砧1 a生枝髓部半径、近皮部导管面积、导管平均面积、木质部厚度/韧皮部厚度均显著小于乔化砧,而近皮部导管密度、韧皮部厚度/枝条半径均显著大于乔化砧;Y系苹果矮化中间砧接穗品种1 a生枝髓部半径均大于或显著大于乔化砧,近皮部导管面积/筛管面积、中部导管面积/筛管面积、近髓部导管面积/筛管面积、导管平均面积/筛管面积大体小于或显著小于乔化砧。由此可知:Y系苹果矮化砧可使接穗品种1 a生枝的导管面积/筛管面积变小、木质部生长减弱、韧皮部生长加强。宏观上,Y系苹果矮化砧对接穗品种有趋同作用。Y系苹果矮化砧致矮关键部位可能是木质部。苹果矮砧品系不同,致矮关键部位可能也不同。Apple dwarf rootstock trees and corresponding grafted trees of Y series were studied to investigate the effect on apple dwarf rootstock to anatomy structure especially to the main conducting tissue of 1-year branch in scion and revealing the dwarf mechanism by conventional paraffin section methods,and wild Malus baccata Borkh.as control.The results showed that radius of pith,vessel area near to phloem,average vessel area,xylem thickness/phloem thickness of 1-year branch of Y series dwarf rootstock are all lower than that of vigorous stock significantly,while vessel density near to phloem,phloem thickness/branch radius are all higher than that of vigorous stock significantly.The pith radius of 1-year branch in the scion grafted on Y series dwarf rootstock are higher or significantly higher than that of vigorous stock,while vessel area near to phloem/sieve tube area,middle vessel area/sieve tube area,vessel area near to pith/sieve tube area,average vessel area/sieve tube area of that are all nearly lower or significantly lower than that of vigorous stock.It concluded that Y series apple dwarf rootstock can make vessel area/sieve tube smaller,xylem weak and phloem vigorous in 1-year branch of the scion.In macroscopic view,the structure of scion is altered toward that of rootstock in Y series apple dwarf rootstock.The key dwarfing position of Y series apple rootstock is maybe xylem,and the key dwarfing position is maybe different as rootstock variety.

关 键 词：苹果矮化砧 输导组织 枝条 解剖结构 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]