基于儿童使用主体的建成环境评价尺度研究  

A Study on the Evaluation Scale of Built Environment Based on Children as Users

作　　者：王烟 刘东升 WANG Yan;LIU Dongsheng

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 [2]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2019年第2期89-94,共6页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878281);华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2018ZB22)

摘　　要：评价尺度是建筑使用后评价的基本问题之一,它是使用者评判建成环境好坏、优劣的重要测度标准。为弥补目前环境评价尺度研究方面的缺失,建立与儿童使用主体相一致的建成环境评价尺度,对儿童常用语义量词进行汇总和筛选,采用五级线分刻度方法进行问卷调查研究。基于儿童的理解,通过问卷试验分析,结果表明:双侧5级区间评价尺度为:很(负面);有点(负面);中等;有点(正面);很(正面);单侧5级区间评价尺度为:不;好像有点;比较;很;特别。As an important criterion for users to judge the quality of built environment, the evaluation scale is one of the basic problems in building post-occupancy evaluation (POE). However, the rational use of Chinese semantic quantifiers in building POE has not attracted enough attention of researchers, and there is still a lack of corresponding evaluation scale for children at present. As a result, researchers have to choose evaluation quantifiers arbitrarily when formulating POE questionnaires due to lack of appropriate reference. The current situation leads to two problems: 1. The arbitrary choice of semantic quantifiers can’t scientifically reflect a clear psychological scale of evaluators;2. The non-uniform scales are not conducive to the comparison of research results. In particular, as minors, children may understand semantic quantifiers differently from adults. Therefore, choosing semantic quantifiers that children can understand to establish environmental evaluation scale is the basis and key of POE research on built environment with children as the main users (such as primary schools, children’s amusement parks, children’s palaces, etc.). In order to establish a five-level built environment evaluation scale which is consistent with children’s users, firstly, the semantic quantifiers commonly used by children are summarized through field surveys, and these words are preliminarily selected for further research. The selection principles are as follows: 1. The evaluation semantic quantifiers should be recognized and understood by children;2. The evaluation semantic quantifiers should be simple enough, commonly used, easy to pronounce, and be able to match various evaluation words more widely;3. The evaluation semantic quantifiers can roughly cover the evaluation scales from the maximum to the minimum evenly. According to above principles, 10 alternative quantifiers for bilateral evaluation are selected as follows: extraordinarily (Chinese abbreviation: FC), extremely (JQ), very (H), specially (TB), relati

关 键 词：建成环境 使用后评价 儿童 评价尺度 语义量词 

分 类 号：TU201[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]