黑河上游八宝河流域径流变化及其对气候变化的响应  

Runoff Variations in Responding to Climate Change in Babaohe River Basin of Upper Heihe River

作　　者：李云武 崔力超 王冠星[2,3,4] LI Yunwu;CUI Lichao;WANG Guanxing(Zhangye Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000, China;Key Laboratory of Environment and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省张掖水文水资源勘测局,甘肃张掖734000 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所环境与地表过程实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院青藏高原研究所高寒生态学与生物多样性重点实验室,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水文》2019年第2期39-43,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

摘　　要：在气候变化的背景下,祁连山八宝河流域的气候和径流都发生了变化。从线性趋势看,1968～2012年,八宝河流域年均气温显著升高,平均每10a升温0.35℃,约为全球平均气温增速的3倍;年降水量呈微弱上升趋势,平均每10a上升1.5%;年径流量显著增加,平均每10a增加5.2%。总体上,八宝河径流主要受降水控制,分成了三个阶段。从干湿两季看,湿季显著升高的气温对径流量影响不大,但略微增加的降水却与增加的径流量显著相关;干季降水极少且为固态形式,对径流量无影响,其径流量的显著增加为气温显著升高带来的冻土深度减小、土壤含水层增加所致。The meteorological factors and runoff in the Babaohe basin of Qilian Mountains have responded positively to the climate change. The annual mean air temperature has risen greatly with the increase of 0.35℃ per 10 a from the linear trend during 1968-2012, which is three times of the world average rate. Besides, the annual precipitation has risen slightly with the increase of 1.5% per 10 a while the annual runoff has risen significantly with the increase of 5.2% per 10 a. Generally, the annual runoff is dominated by precipitation that is categorized into 3 phases. In the wet season, the intensively increased temperature has slightly affected the runoff while the slightly increasing precipitation has significant correlation with the increasing runoff. However, very limited solid precipitation has no effect on the runoff in the dry season. The obviously increasing runoff has been dominated by the decrease of frozen ground depth and the increase of soil aquifer that caused by the intensively increase of temperature.

关 键 词：八宝河流域 径流 降水 气温 冻土 长期变化 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]