从统一监管到双峰监管:英国金融监管改革法案的演进及启示  

From Integrated Regulation to Twin Peaks Regulation:Evolution and Enlightenment of Post-crisis British Financial Regulation Reform Act

作　　者：陈斌彬[1,2] CHEN Bin-bin

机构地区：[1]华侨大学法学院 [2]华侨大学地方法治研究中心

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第2期85-95,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持项目(JA160225);华侨大学"哲学社会科学青年学者成长工程"团队项目(14SkGC-QT06)

摘　　要：近年来,各国在深刻反思2008年金融危机原因和总结本国金融监管内在缺陷的同时,亦纷纷推出了各式的金融监管改革法案。在这其中,英国的表现最为显眼和引入注目。其从2009年7月开始,就孜孜于探索本国金融监管改革方案的优化,并在《2000年金融服务与市场法》的基础上接连出台了《2010年金融服务法》《2012年金融服务法》和《2016年英格兰银行与金融服务法》三部修正法案,终以全新的双峰监管制度取代了先前以FSA为中心的统一监管体制。虽然金融监管并无"最优模式"可依,但英国在本轮改革中对宏观审慎监管和行为监管的重视,并从立法上新设专门机构分而治之的举措不但改进了以往只专注单个金融机构风险而忽视系统性风险的不足,而且突破了审慎监管与行为监管混为一体的窠臼,极大提升了对金融消费者保护的层次。当前,我国的金融监管法亦存在着系统性风险防范缺失和对金融消费者保护乏力这两大软肋,英国的做法颇具一定的启示和借鉴意义。In recent years, while deeply reflecting on the causes of the 2008 financial crisis and summarizing the inherent shortcomings of domestic financial regulation, countries have introduced various financial regulation reform acts. Among them, Britain caught the most attention. From July 2009, Britain devoted to exploring the optimization of domestic financial regulation reform scheme and consecutively enactedServices Act 2010,Services Act 2012 and Bank of England and Financial Services Act 2016, on the basis of Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. In the end, a new two -peak regulatory system replaced the previous FSA - centric integrated regulatory system. Although there is no optimal mode for financial regulation refomi, Britain attached importance to the macroscopic Prudential Regulation and Conducts Regulation in this financial regulation reform and established specialized agency in legislation as divide and rule strategy, which not only improves the insufficiency of previous focus only on single financial institution and overlooking systematic risk, but also break through the set pattern of mixture of Prudential Regulation and Conducts Regulation in the supervision framework design with dramatic enhancement of protection of financial customers. At present, the deficiency in systematic risk prevention and weak protection of financial customers still exist in Chinese financial regulation and British practice provides some enlightenment and reference for us.

关 键 词：统一监管 双峰监管 行为监管 审慎监管 

分 类 号：D922.28[政治法律—经济法学]