上海特征性点源周边环境水体中全氟化合物的环境行为特性  

Distribution and profiles of perfluorinated compounds in surrounding surface water around a specific point-source in Shanghai

作　　者：夏小雨 吴明红[1] 徐刚[1] 孙瑞[1] 唐量[1] XIA Xiaoyu;WU Minghong;XU Gang;SUN Rui;TANG Liang(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期266-274,共9页Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41373098;41573096);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT13078)

摘　　要：上海市某民用国际机场的飞机大量使用全氟化合物为重要成分的航空液压油,并且在机场内部或周边配套消防站使用的水成膜泡沫灭火剂(aqueous film-forming foams, AFFFs)中,全氟化合物作为重要添加剂被广泛使用.含氟化合物的大量使用会对机场周边的地表水产生氟化物污染.以上海市某机场作为特征潜在点源对象,采集周边的10个地表水样,2个对照采样点,检测样品中的17种全氟化合物(perfluormated compounds, PFCs).结果显示:全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA)在地表水中的质量浓度最高,为37.55～189.05 ng/L,均值为94.05 ng/L;其次为全氟戊酸(perfluoro pentanoic acid, PFPeA)和全氟丁烷磺酸盐(perfluorobutane sulphonate, PFBS),浓度分别为15.15～42.33 ng/L, 5.35～57.27 ng/L; PFoA, PFPeA和PFBS的检出率均为100%.运用风险商数法评价机场周边采样点的环境风险,结果显示水样中PFCs均未达到对生态环境具有风险的水平.A large quantity of aviation hydraulic fluid containing PFCs is used in airplanes in one of the international airports in Shanghai.It is also used in the airport interior and the nearby fire station.In fire drills or emergencies,Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) is used.PFCs is an important component of AFFFs.Its excessive use may cause fluoride pollution in the neighboring surface water.In this study,10 surface water samples were collected in the airport to detect 17 types of perfluormated compounds (PFCs).The results show that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is the predominant PFC,in the range from 37.55 ng/L to 189.05 ng/L,with a mean value 94.05 ng/L.Concentrations of perfluoro pentanoic acid (PFPeA) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) in the surface water samples are in the range from 15.15 ng/L to 42.33 ng/L with a mean value 27.82 ng/L,and from 5.35 ng/L to 57.27ng/L with a mean value 24.12 ng/L,respectively.The detection rates were all 100%.The risk quotient was used for PFC in the surface water samples,showing that PFC in water had no ecological risk temporarily.

关 键 词：全氟化合物 机场 地表水 浓度分布 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]