就业能提升获得感吗?——基于对城市低保受助者再就业情况的考察  

Can Employment Enhance the Sense of Gain?——Based on the Investigation of the Re-employment of the Urban Subsistence Insurance Recipients

作　　者：侯斌[1] Hou Bin

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学系

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2019年第4期134-149,共16页

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关课题"完善社会救助制度研究"(项目编号:13JZD020)

摘　　要：提升低保受助者的获得感是提升人民群众获得感的最后一公里。文章以劳动年龄阶段内城市低保受助者为研究对象,利用"完善社会救助制度"课题组2015年的调查数据考察了就业对提升劳动年龄阶段内城市低保受助者获得感的影响,并得出以下结论:(1)再就业在一定程度上降低了城市低保受助者的当下获得感,就业相关福利没有有效满足城市低保受助者现在的需求;(2)就业救助在一定程度上提升了城市低保受助者的未来获得感,就业救助福利对促进个人发展及累计人力资本的作用越来越明显;(3)社会救助福利在一定程度上提升了城市低保受助者的当下获得感,反贫困兜底线功能得以发挥和体现;但社会救助福利对其未来获得感没有显著影响。基于此,文章提出:(1)明确发展型救助理念,实施积极的就业政策;(2)针对不同的需求提供有针对性的就业服务;(3)完善就业救助与低保救助的联动机制,预防福利依赖的出现;(4)合理安排救助制度,引导低保受助者自救。Improving the sense of gain of low-income recipients is the last kilometer to improve people's sense of gain.This study examines the influence of working to improve the sense of gain of urban low-income recipients who are in the labor employment age within the city low income recipients as the research object,using the survey data of “to perfect the social assistance system” team examined,and draws the following conclusions:(1) re-employment to a certain extent,reduces the current gain of the urban low income recipients,employment related benefits have not effectively meet the needs of urban low income recipients;(2) employment assistance to some extent improves the future gain access of urban subsistence insurance recipients,and the employment assistance and welfare play an increasingly obvious role in promoting personal development and accumulating human capital;(3) to some extent,social relief and welfare have improved the current gain of urban subsistence allowances recipients,and the function of anti-poverty line has been brought into play and reflected;However,social welfare has no significant impact on the future gain.Based on these conclusions,this study proposes :(1) to clarify the concept of development-oriented assistance and implement a positive employment policy.(2) provide targeted employment services for different needs.(3) improve the linkage mechanism between employment assistance and subsistence insurance assistance to prevent the emergence of welfare dependence.(4) reasonably arrange the rescue system and guide the recipients of subsistence allowance to save themselves.

关 键 词：就业救助 社会救助 获得感 福利依赖 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]