离心泵仿生减阻增效涂层的涂覆工艺参数优化  

Optimization of coating process parameters for bionic drag reduction and efficiency increasing coating of centrifugal pumps

作　　者：田丽梅 张吉祥 梁颖 姚广海 商延赓 Tian Limei;Zhang Jixiang;Liang Ying;Yao Guanghai;Shang Yangeng(Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Changchun Ruitai Bionic Technology Co.,Ltd,Changchun 130507,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022 [2]长春瑞泰博尔克科技有限公司,长春130507

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第6期47-54,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：长春市科技创新"双十工程"重大科技攻关项目(3D517BP12466);吉林省省校共建计划专项产业化示范类项目(SXGJSF2017)

摘　　要：仿生减阻功能表面应用于离心式水泵关键零部件的过流部位,可显著提升水泵效率。仿生减阻增效功能表面以海豚皮肤为仿生原形,包含刚性基底和涂层2部分,一般由高黏性聚氨酯在刚性基底表面浇注生成功能表面涂层。涂层厚度对泵效率影响最为显著,由于聚氨酯高黏性特征和传统涂覆工艺技术的限制,很难在叶轮复杂流道表面实现高效、高质的涂覆。针对上述难题,该文利用自制旋转涂覆设备,通过对聚氨酯材料的浇注温度、设备旋转速度、涂覆持续时间的优化控制涂层厚度,建立拟合方程并进行试验验证。试验结果表明,以200QJ50-26水泵叶轮为载体,影响功能表面涂层厚度的主次因素依次为设备旋转速度、浇注温度、涂覆持续时间。通过拟合方程预测出叶轮流道内表面涂层厚度为0.5 mm时的最佳涂覆参数组合:涂覆时间53.7 s、旋转速度401 rad/min、浇注温度90.1℃。涂覆试验检验结果表明,利用上述优化工艺参数控制的功能表面涂层厚度与拟合方程计算厚度相比,误差小于5%,计算结果可靠。研究结果可为离心泵仿生减阻增效功能表面面层材料涂覆的工程化施工提供参考。Bionics is based on the structure of natural biological system and the process of life activities as the basis of technological innovation and design,and consciously imitates and replicates it.Through the coupling of 2 or more different factors,organisms can effectively realize various functional characteristics of organisms and fully display their best adaptability to habitats,this phenomenon of biological coupling is ubiquitous in the biological world.The multi-bionics of learning and simulating the coupling mechanism of organisms is called coupling bionics.The drag reduction mechanism of dolphin skin is a typical representative of the bio-binary coupling.Dolphin skin is composed of smooth elastic keraphyllous epidermis and hard dermis,which are intertwined with each other.The coupling effect of the 2 parts is one of the main reasons why dolphins can swim fast.According to the principle of bionic similarity,Jilin University has designed a coupling functional surface which imitates the skin structure of dolphins,and applied it to the surface of the key parts(centrifugal impeller)of centrifugal pump,which can significantly improve the pump efficiency.The specific method is to directly cast the ribbed structure similar to the dolphin skin dermis on the upper and lower cover plate of impeller by one-step casting technology,and then coat the cover plate with high viscous polyurethane as the surface material.The ribbed structure at the bottom and the polyurethane coating on the surface constitute a coupling bionic functional surface.The thickness parameters of surface material coating have the greatest influence on the efficiency of coatings,and polyurethane is the main material for coating,but because of the complicated and twisted space structure of the inner passage of centrifugal pump impeller,the high viscosity characteristics of polyurethane and the limitation of traditional coating technology,it is difficult to achieve high efficiency and high quality coating on the surface of complex impeller inner runners wi

关 键 词：泵 仿生 减阻 弹性涂层 拟合方程 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]