智能饲喂器对哺乳母猪采食量体况和生产性能的影响  

Effect of intelligent feeder on feed intake,body condition and production performance of lactating sows

作　　者：王美芝[1,2] 安涛 刘继军[1,2] 张锦瑞 王文锋[4] 易路 田见晖 吴中红 Wang Meizhi;An Tao;Liu Jijun;Zhang Jinrui;Wang Wenfeng;Yi Lu;Tian Jianhui;Wu Zhonghong(College of Animal Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;COFCO Meat Investment Co.Ltd,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [4]中粮肉食投资有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第6期190-197,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：畜禽养殖智能装备与信息化技术研发重点专项(2018YFD0500700);生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC02-2018)

摘　　要：为探究不同饲喂方式对哺乳母猪采食量、体况和生产性能的影响,满足哺乳母猪获得最大采食量并达到精准饲喂控制等需求,该文以哺乳母猪为试验对象,比较不同饲喂方式对哺乳母猪采食量、体况和生产性能的影响。试验共选用40只1胎母猪,随机分为3组:试验1组采用智能饲喂器饲喂(6次/d)、试验2组采用人工饲喂(6次/d)、对照组采用人工饲喂(3次/d)。结果表明,在试验环境条件下,哺乳8～21 d、人工饲喂3次/d的采食量(6.46 kg)显著高于智能饲喂6次/d(5.22 kg)(P<0.05),2种饲喂方式在母猪的体质量变化、背膘变化、总产仔数、断奶后发情天数、仔猪日增体质量和用水量方面均无显著性差异(P>0.05);哺乳母猪在采食过多时可能引起厌食进而降低后期的采食量,应按照饲喂参数逐步增加饲喂量饲喂;在现有设备投资和工资水平下,智能饲喂器正常使用4.5 a可取代1名优秀饲养员。研究结果可为今后智能化饲喂替代有经验人工饲喂、根据饲养条件选择饲喂方式提供参考。During lactation period,body mass and backfat loss of lactating sows were relatively severe,improving the feed intake of lactating sows is the key to improving performance of lactating sows and piglets.With the rapid development of large-scale and intensive breeding pig farms in China,the demand for intelligent feeding equipments have been increased,intelligent feeding equipments can not only save labors but also can increase the feed intake of lactating sows.In order to explore the effect of intelligent feeding on feed intake,body condition and production performance of lactating sows,different feeding modes of feed intake,reproductive performance,water consumption of sows and growth rate of piglets were measured and analyzed.40 healthy first-born sows,including 13 Landrace pigs and 27 Large White pigs,were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,there were 15 sows in the test group 1(5 Landrace pigs and 10 Large White pigs),13 sows in the test group 2(4 Landrace pigs and 9 Large White pigs)and 12 sows in the control group(4 Landrace pigs and 8 Large White pigs).Test group 1 was fed with intelligent feeder(6 times per day),test group 2 was fed artificial(6 times per day)and control group was fed artificial(3 times per day).Sows in control group were fed at 7:00,10:30 and 17:00,respectively,the amount of feeding per meal was same and was 1/3 of the total amount of feeding per day,from 1 to 7 d after farrowing,sows were fed with restricted feeding,from 8 to 21 d of lactation(weaning age),sows were fed with step up feeding scheme,the feed offered at each meal was adjusted according to the condition of the former meal,if there was no residue of feed in the feeder,the feed offered at this meal would be added within 200 g,the total feeding amount of the next day was 300-500 g more than that of the previous day in all.If there was residue more than 50%of the feed offered,a small amount of feeding or no feeding was required in the next meal.Sows in teat group 1 were fed at 5:00-7:00,8:00-10:00,11:00-13:00,14:00-16:0

关 键 词：动物 采食 装置 智能饲喂 哺乳母猪 生产性能 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学] S23[农业科学—畜牧兽医]