GU-PCM2型控温式相变蓄冷冷藏车设计与空载性能试验  

Design and no-load performance test of GU-PCM2 temperature controlled phase change storage refrigerator

作　　者：刘广海[1] 吴俊章 Alan Foster 谢如鹤[1] 唐海洋[1] 邹毅峰[1] 屈睿瑰[3,4] Liu Guanghai;Wu Junzhang;Alan Foster;Xie Ruhe;Tang Haiyang;Zou Yifeng;Qu Ruigui(Research Center for Cold Chain & Standardization,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Engineering,London South Bank University,Bristol BS40 5DU,Britain;Guangzhou City Polytechnic,Guangzhou 510405,China;School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学冷链物流与标准化研究所,广州510006 [2]伦敦南岸大学工程学院 [3]广州城市职业学院,广州510405 [4]中南大学交通运输工程学院,长沙410075

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第6期288-295,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划农业领域项目(新型冷藏及保鲜运输技术与装备/2013BAD19B01-1);广东省科技计划重点项目(No.2017B020206006)

摘　　要：现有蓄冷冷藏车蓄冷装置多位于车厢顶部,存在重心偏高、不可控温等问题,基于此,该文设计了一款集相变蓄冷单元、车载制冷系统、隔热车厢、送风系统等于一体的GU-PCM2型蓄冷冷藏车。该蓄冷车将蓄冷装置独立设置于车厢前端并保温,系统利用夜间低谷电进行充冷,可在-25～10℃之间根据需要调控车厢温度。对蓄冷冷藏车厢设定温度为0和-18℃的2种工况进行空载温度场仿真与测试。结果表明,车厢内各测温点的模拟温度与实测温度均方根误差分别为0.7和0.8℃,最大绝对误差分别为1.1和1.2℃。冷藏车可有效控温10 h以上,车厢平均温度分别在1.1～2.9℃和-14.8～-16.9℃之间,波动范围为1.8和2.1℃,温度不均匀度系数在1.0以内。控温式蓄冷冷藏车与传统蓄冷车的对比试验结果表明,其平均温度波动值降低48.7%,温度绝对不均匀度系数降低50%以上,车厢质心较顶置式蓄冷车下降25.9%。研究结果可为蓄冷冷藏车的进一步优化设计与应用提供参考。The existing phase change material(PCM)devices of PCM refrigerated truck are mostly arranged on the top of the carriage,which has the problems of high gravity center and uncontrollable temperature and so on.In view of the above problems,a new type refrigerated truck was designed in this paper,which integrated phase change thermal storage unit,refrigeration system,heat-insulated carriage,air supply system and so on.The cold storage device was set independently in the front of the truck and was insulated.PCM mass required for phase change thermal storage unit was 360 kg(the phase transition temperature is-30℃and the latent heat of phase change is 175.3 kJ/kg),which used cheap electricity at night to store energy,when working,the temperature in carriage could be adjusted between-25-10℃.The simulation and tests of 2 working modes were carried out with the setting temperature of 0 and-18℃in a refrigerated prototype.A computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation model of PCM refrigerated truck was built and the temperature field in carriage was simulated,the root mean square error and maximum absolute error between simulations and measurements of 2 working modes were 0.7 and 0.8℃,1.1 and 1.2℃respectively,the simulated temperature calculated by the simulation model agreed well with the measured temperature,and the measured temperature near the air outlet in the carriage was slightly lower than the simulation temperature,while the measured temperature near the rear section was slightly higher than the simulation temperature,this was due to the fact that the simulation data were generally in an ideal state,but the cold leak was unavoidable at the return air outlet of the actual refrigerated truck and the heat leak(air leak)at the door.The test results showed that the new type of PCM refrigerated truck proposed in this paper could effectively control the temperature more than 10 h on the basis of sufficient cold storage.The average temperature fluctuated between 1.1-2.9℃and-14.8--16.9℃and the fluctuation range

关 键 词：设计 试验 数值分析 相变蓄冷 温度分布 冷藏车 

分 类 号：U272.5[机械工程—车辆工程]