养老服务资源对老年人社会养老服务需求的影响研究  

A study of the influence of care service resources on the demand for social care service for senior citizens

作　　者：张红凤[1] 罗微[1] ZHANG Hong-feng;LUO Wei(School of Public Administration and Policy, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan Shandong 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学公共管理学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2019年第4期168-176,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：泰山学者建设工程"政府规制与公共政策"专项经费资助;国家社会科学基金青年项目"社会救助制度的就业效应及优化策略研究"(批准号:14CGL033)

摘　　要：随着我国人口老龄化不断加剧,老年人所需的养老服务日益增长。现实中养老服务得不到满足和服务资源闲置的矛盾还普遍存在。家庭养老服务资源和社会养老服务资源是满足老年人养老服务需求的资源基础,因此,正确认识二者对老年人社会养老服务需求的影响,对于统筹规划家庭与社会养老服资源,更有针对性地为老年人提供所需的养老服务,最大限度地提升家庭内外养老服务资源的使用效率,具有重要的理论和现实意义。基于此,文章借鉴安德森医疗服务利用行为模型构建社会养老服务需求分析框架,采用全国东中西部地区六个省份的调查数据,运用多元Logistic回归分析了家庭和社会两类养老服务资源对老年人社会养老服务需求的影响。研究发现:①社会养老服务资源的供给有助于增加老年人社会养老服务需求。②家庭养老服务资源中人力资源的增加会降低老年人对社会养老服务的需求,而来自子女的经济资源则会提高老年人对社会养老服务的需求。③总体上来看,家庭养老服务资源对社会养老服务资源有一定的"挤出效应",会降低其对老年人对社会养老服务需求的影响。基于实证研究结论,文章提出了更好地满足老年人养老服务需求的政策建议:客观评估老年人的养老服务需要,为向老年人递送社会养老服务提供基本依据;多种措施提高老年人可支配收入,增强其社会养老服务购买能力;增加社会养老服务资源供给,为老年人获得社会养老服务提供坚实的资源基础;注重发挥家庭的积极作用,鼓励其为老年人获得养老服务提供人力支持和经济支持。With the increase of the aging population in China, the demand for care service for senior citizens has been on the rise. In reality, a contradiction exists between the deficiency of senior citizen care service and the idling of relevant service resources. Family-based senior citizen care service and related social care service are the fundamental resources to meet the demand for senior citizen care service, and therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to recognize the impact of the two modes of resources on the demand for senior citizen care service, for it is the prerequisite for unifying and optimizing the two modes of resources so as to provide more targeted service and maximize the efficiency of both resources. In view of this, this paper, drawing on Andersen's behavioral model on health care utilization as its analysis framework, analyzes the influence of the two modes of care service resources on the demand of social care service for senior citizens through the survey data from six provinces in the east, central and western regions of China and multivariate logistic regression. This paper put forward following research findings:①The supply of social care service resources for senior citizens helps to increase the demand of senior citizens for social care service.②Moreover, in terms of family-based care service resources, the human resources have a negative effect on senior citizens' demand for social care service, whereas the financial resources from their offspring play a positive role.③On the whole, family-based care service resources for senior citizens have a'crowding-out effect' on social care service resources for senior citizens, which will reduce the demand of social care service for senior citizens. Based on the conclusions from this empirical research, the paper puts forward some policy recommendations on how to better meet the needs of senior citizens for social care service: assessing the needs of senior citizens for service accurately, taking it as the basis for d

关 键 词：家庭养老服务资源 社会养老服务资源 社会养老服务需求 挤出效应 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]