激光选区熔化成形SiC_P/AlSi10Mg复合材料工艺及性能研究  

Research on Fabrication and Properties of SiC_P/AlSi10Mg Composites by Selective Laser Melting

作　　者：柯林达[1,2] 薛刚 朱海红 肖美立 邓竹君[1,2] 成群林 曾晓雁[3] KE Linda;XUE Gang;ZHU Haihong;XIAO Meili;DENG Zhujun;CHENG Qunlin;ZENG Xiaoyan(Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute,Shanghai 201600,China;Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming forMetallic Materials,Shanghai 201600,China;Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天精密机械研究所,上海201600 [2]上海金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心,上海201600 [3]华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《上海航天》2019年第2期118-124,共7页Aerospace Shanghai

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(16YF1405000);上海市基础研究重大项目(17JC1402600);上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2016044)

摘　　要：为研究激光选区熔化(SLM)成形技术制备SiC颗粒增强AlSi10Mg复合材料的成形机理,开展了SLM成形工艺参数(扫描间距、扫描速度)对致密度、机械性能等影响情况的研究。结果表明:所制备试样中SiC增强颗粒分布均匀,并与基体具有连续相容的冶金结合界面。当激光扫描速度从900 mm/s升高到2 100 mm/s时,在不同的扫描间距下,复合材料试样致密度均随之降低;当扫描间距在0.09～0.12 mm内变化时,在不同的扫描速度下,致密度变化趋势并不一致;在激光功率490 W、铺粉层厚0.04 mm、扫描间距0.12 mm、扫描速度900 mm/s时,制备的SiC颗粒增强AlSi10Mg复合材料试样得到最佳综合性能(相对密度99.1%,显微硬度198.7 HV_(0.2),抗拉强度341.9 MPa);在该最佳工艺参数下,成功制备出复杂结构的薄壁零件。研究为SLM成形SiC_P/AlSi10Mg复合材料在航空航天和空间领域的应用提供了理论基础和实验依据。To investigate the forming mechanism of SiC reinforced AlSi10Mg matrix composites manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM),the effects of processing parameters,such as scanning speed and scanning spacing,on densification and mechanical properties are studied.The experimental results show that the SiC reinforced particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix,and continuous and compatible metallurgical interfaces between SiC particles and the matrix are found.When the scanning speed is increased from 900 mm/s to 2 100 mm/s,the density of composites decreases at different scanning spacing.The density change trends are inconsistent at different scanning speed as the scanning spacing varies from 0.09 mm to 0.12 mm.The best properties with relative density of 99.1%,microhardness of 198.7 HV 0.2 and tensile strength of 341.9 MPa are obtained when laser power is 490 W,layer thickness is 0.04 mm,scanning spacing is 0.12 mm and scanning speed is 900 mm/s.Using these optimal processing parameters,the 15%SiCp/AlSi10Mg composite part with the complex thin-walled structure is fabricated by SLM.The study provides a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the application of SLMedSiC P/AlSi10Mg composites in aeronautical and astronautical fields.

关 键 词：激光选区熔化(SLM) 铝基复合材料 SIC颗粒 力学性能 致密度 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]