共轴八旋翼飞行器气动特性三维数值模拟分析  

3D numerical simulation on aerodynamic characteristics of a multi rotor aircraft

作　　者：雷瑶[1,2] 吴智泉 汪长炜 纪玉霞 LEI Yao;WU Zhiquan;WANG Changwei;JI Yuxia(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Equipment Manufacturing,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院,福建福州350108 [2]福建省高端装备制造协同创新中心,福建福州350108

出　　处：《福州大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期218-222,共5页Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51505087)

摘　　要：以周向均布四组共轴单元组成的八旋翼飞行器为研究对象,采用计算流体力学的方法,通过商业软件FLUENT对整机飞行器进行数值模拟研究,得到旋翼附近流场的涡流粘度云图、压力云图和流线图.由结果分析可知,采用单相流模型及Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型可以有效地模拟该共轴八旋翼在工作转速下的气动特性.当旋翼旋转时,靠近旋翼壁面的流速明显变快,并在旋翼横截面曲率最大处达到最大值.由于上旋翼尾迹的影响,压差大的区域主要集中在旋翼桨尖附近,此时流线分布也表明共轴上下旋翼之间以及相邻共轴旋翼单元之间存在强烈的气动干扰,这部分干扰可能有利于提高整机升力.A multi rotor with four coaxial rotors is introduced as the research object to study the rotor aerodynamic characteristics and the hover performance. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is adopted to simulate aerodynamics by commercial software FLUENT. The vortex viscosity contour of the rotor near the tip is obtained with the pressure contour and streamlines to simulate the aerodynamics of the flying robot. Results show that single phase flow model and Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model are effective to simulate the rotor aerodynamic characteristics. Furthermore, the maximum speed is in the maximum curvature region and the fluid velocity is much faster near the rotor wall. At last, due to the effects on the rotor wake, the pressure difference with the large regional is concentrated on the rotor tip, eventually, the strong interference between the coaxial rotors is assumed to be beneficial for the increase of the lift of the flying robots.

关 键 词：共轴旋翼单元 气动特性 计算流体力学 数值分析 气动干扰 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]