不同举办主体社区卫生服务中心效率研究  

Ownership-related Differences in Efficiency of Community Health Centers

作　　者：董亚丽 秦江梅 林春梅 张丽芳 DONG Yali;QIN Jiangmei;LIN Chunmei;ZHANG Lifang(Department of Preventive Medicine,Shihezi University School of Medicine,Shihezi 832002,China;China National Health Development Research Center,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832002 [2]国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心,北京市100191

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2019年第13期1532-1536,共5页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：背景随着我国社区卫生服务的发展,如何有效提升社区卫生服务机构的运行效率,是当前社区卫生服务改革的研究重点。目的了解不同举办主体社区卫生服务中心的运行效率和全要素生产效率变动趋势,分析原因并给出建议。方法利用2012—2016年乌鲁木齐市卫生统计年报数据,采用比例法、数据包络分析(DEA)BCC模型及Malmquist指数分析不同举办主体社区卫生服务机构的运行效率。结果 DEA-BCC分析结果显示:2012—2016年,乌鲁木齐市社区卫生服务中心运行有效的机构占比分别为52.9%(18/34)、33.3%(12/36)、40.0%(14/35)、33.3%(14/42)、15.2%(7/46)。2016年政府办、公立医院办、企业办、个人办的社区卫生服务中心运行有效的机构分别占0(0/6)、20.0%(3/15)、18.2%(2/11)、14.3%(2/14)。Malmquist指数分析结果显示:与2015年相比,2016年乌鲁木齐市社区卫生服务中心全要素生产效率下降了17.2%,其中21.7%(10/46)的社区卫生服务中心全要素生产率得到提高,企业办的中心全要素生产效率提高的中心占比最高[27.3%(3/11)],高于公立医院办[26.7%(4/15)]、个人办[21.4%(3/14)]及政府办[0(0/6)]。结论 2016年乌鲁木齐市社区卫生服务中心运行有效机构占低于2012年,与社区卫生服务中心发展两极分化有关;乌鲁木齐市社区卫生服务中心全要素生产效率下降,与技术衰退有关。Background With the development of community health services in China,how to improve the operational efficiency of community health institutions is a focus of current community health service reform research.Objective To analyze the efficiency and changes in the trend of total factor productivity(TFP)of community health centers(CHCs)in Urumqi by type of ownership,and put forward suggestions for the existing problems.Methods Data were obtained from 5 volumes of Urumqi's Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook(2012-2016).Percentage method,and data envelopment analysis(DEA)using Banker-Charnes-Cooper(BCC)model and Malmquist index were applied to analyze the operational efficiency of CHCs by types of ownership.Results DEA with BCC model revealed that during the period of 2012-2016,efficient CHCs accounted for 52.9%(18/34),33.3%(12/36),40.0%(14/35),33.3%(14/42),15.2%(7/46)of the total CHCs,respectively.In 2016,efficient CHCs owned by the government,public hospitals,enterprises,and individuals accounted for 0(0/6),20.0%(3/15),18.2%(2/11),14.3%(2/14)of the total,respectively.Malmquist index found that compared with 2015,in 2016,the TFP of CHCs decreased by 17.2%in general.But specifically speaking,the TFP of 21.7%(10/46)of the CHCs increased,among which enterprises-owned CHCs〔27.3%(3/11)〕made up the largest portion,followed by public hospitals-owned CHCs〔26.7%(4/15)〕,individually owned CHCs〔21.4%(3/14)〕,and government-owned CHCs〔0(0/6)〕.Conclusion The percentage of efficient CHCs in Urumqi in 2016 is lower than 2012,which is related to the polarization development of the CHCs.But the overall TFP of the CHCs in Urumqi decreased,which is related to the technological recession.

关 键 词：社区卫生中心 数据包络分析 举办主体 效率 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]