桂越边境地区蝙蝠病毒组研究  

Metagenomic analysis of bat virome in the Guangxi-Vietnam border area

作　　者：燕超 张畅 徐琳 孟菲[3] 吴健敏[3] 涂长春 李勇[1] 何彪 YAN Chao;ZHANG Chang;XU Lin;MENG Fei;WU JianMin;TU ChangChun;LI Yong;HE Biao(School of Life Science, NingXia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Changchun 130122, China;Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]军事科学院军事医学研究院军事兽医研究所吉林省人兽共患病防控重点实验室,长春130122 [3]广西兽医研究所,南宁530001

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2019年第3期266-279,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31572529;31760736)资助

摘　　要：桂越地区包括越南和我国广西,地理位置的战略意义突出,该地区蝙蝠资源丰富,且越南境内的蝙蝠携带多种人兽共患病毒.为了监测桂越边境地区蝙蝠病毒的跨境传播,防范蝙蝠病毒引发新发传染病,掌握该地区蝙蝠携带病毒的病原本底和重要病毒遗传进化特征具有重要意义.本研究在桂越边境采集蝙蝠样本并对其进行病毒宏基因组学分析,结果发现了49个科的病毒,包括脊椎动物病毒、植物病毒、昆虫病毒和噬菌体.根据病毒宏基因组学结果,对注释到的嗜肝DNA病毒、博卡细小病毒、A型轮状病毒、星状病毒、弹状病毒和冠状病毒进行检测和进化分析,结果发现星状病毒广泛分布,且具有丰富的遗传多样性;其他病毒则呈局部分布,其中嗜肝DNA病毒、冠状病毒、轮状病毒与各自参考毒株进化关系较近,为这些病毒的变异毒株;而博卡细小病毒和弹状病毒与已知病毒具有很明显的遗传差异性,可能为病毒新种;值得注意的是,发现的蝙蝠轮状病毒与广西当地人轮状病毒具有很高的同源性,提示该病毒的跨种传播和基因重排.本研究获得了桂越边境地区蝙蝠携带病毒的本底数据以及部分重要病毒在该地区蝙蝠中的流行情况和遗传进化特征,为监测蝙蝠病毒的跨境传播、防范新发病毒病提供了重要的基础数据.The areas covering Guangxi, China and Vietnam have greatly and geographically strategic importance. These areas have abundant bat resources with many harboring diverse zoonotic viruses. In order to monitor the cross-border transmission of bat viruses in the Guangxi-Vietnam border area and to prevent potential emerging infectious diseases caused by bat viruses, understanding the bat virus diversity and their evolution are greatly necessary. Here we conducted viral metagenomic analysis of bats sampled in the border area,and results revealed 49 families of viruses, including those infecting vertebrate, plants, insects and bacteria. Additionally, we screened hepadnavirus, bocaparvovirus, group A rotavirus, astrovirus, rhabdovirus and coronavirus in those bat samples, and phylogenetically analyzed those amplicons. Results showed that astroviruses were widely present in those animals with great genetic diversity, but other viruses were only detected in some specific bats. Bocaparvoviruses and rhabdoviruses were significantly divergent from currently known viruses, and possibly were prototypes of new species. Notably, group A viruses identified here shared high identity with a human virus, suggestive of inter-species transmission and reassortment. The present study profiled the viromic composition harbored by bats in Guangxi-Vietnam border area, and inspected epidemiological situation and evolutionary characteristics of some viruses. Those findings provide fundamental data to cross-border transmission of bat viruses and predict bat virus-related zoonotic potentials.

关 键 词：桂越边境地区 蝙蝠 病毒宏基因组学 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]