2017年玉溪市某钢铁厂炼铁车间工人尿铅水平调查结果  

Investigation results of urine lead level in workers in ironmaking workshop of a steel plant in Yuxi City in 2017

作　　者：李奕[1] 漆骏[1] 邢漪[1] 李刚[1] 刘红梅 LI Yi;QI Jun;XING Yi;LI Gang;LIU Hong-mei(Occupational Health and Poisoning Control Institute ,Yunnati Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming Yunnan,650022,China;Clinical Laboratory,Yuxi Mining Hospital,Yuxi Kunnnn,653100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,云南昆明650022 [2]玉溪市矿业医院检验科,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《职业与健康》2019年第6期736-739,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2017年玉溪市某钢铁厂炼铁车间铅作业工人的尿铅含量水平,分析影响尿铅水平的因素。方法采样监测玉溪市某钢铁厂炼铁车间空气中铅烟浓度水平;用职业健康检查问卷收集调查对象基本信息;采集对象尿液样品,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定方法对尿铅进行分析。t检验比较分析暴露组与对照组间年龄、工龄、吸烟情况以及尿铅水平。用方差分析比较暴露组中各年龄、工龄及岗位间作业工人的尿铅水平,同时运用双变量相关分析方法分析年龄、工龄是否与尿铅水平存在相关关系。结果 2号炉出铁场部分样品铅烟超限倍数显著高于国家标椎;年龄及吸烟情况在暴露组与对照组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);暴露组工龄[(8.42±5.38)年]低于对照组[(13.53±9.57)年](P<0.05),尿铅水平[(13.93±12.06)μg/L]高于对照组[(1.37±1.24)μg/L](P<0.05);尿铅水平与年龄呈正相关(r=0.346,P<0.05),≥40岁组尿铅水平[(19.99±13.98)μg/L]显著高于20～<30岁组[(11.34±9.23)μg/L]和30～<40岁组[(11.17±10.88)μg/L](P<0.05),<10年工龄组[(11.39±9.68)年]与≥10年工龄组[(18.00±14.37)年]间尿铅水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。炉前工尿铅水平[(15.54±11.63)μg/L]明显高于其他岗位[(10.51±12.46)μg/L](P<0.05)。结论玉溪市某钢铁厂炼铁车间工人尿铅水平与作业岗位及作业者的年龄和工龄密切相关,年龄≥40岁和工龄≥10年的炼铁车间工人尿铅水平明显升高。企业应从源头控制原料中铅的含量,加强工程防护措施降低工人铅暴露量。定期对职工进行健康检查,有针对性地对大龄铅暴露者加强防护和保护。[Objective]To understand the lead concentrations in urine of lead-exposed workers in ironmaking workshop of a steel plant in Yuxi City in 2017,analyze the factors affecting the level of urine lead.[Methods]The lead smoke concentration in the air in ironmaking workshop of a steel plant in Yuxi City was obtained by sampling and monitoring. The basic information of respondents was collected by occupational health examination questionnaire. The urine samples of workers were collected,and the level of urine lead was analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. t test was used to analyze the age,working years,smoking and urine lead level between the exposure group and control group. Analysis of variance was used to compare the urine lead level among workers in different age,working years and post in the exposure group. Bivariate correlation analysis method was used to analyze the relationship between age,working years and urine lead level.[Results]Lead smoke excess multiple of some samples at molten iron discharged area No.2 was significantly higher than the national standard. There was no statistically significant difference in age and smoking between the exposure group and the control group(P>0.05). The working age of exposure group [(8.42±5.38) years] was lower than that of control group [(13.53±9.57) years](P<0.05),while the level of urine lead of exposure group [(13.93±12.06)μg/L] was higher than that of control group [(1.37±1.24)μg/L](P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between age and the level of urine lead(r=0.346,P<0.05). The level of urine lead in≥40 year-old age group [(19.99±13.98)μg/L] was significantly higher than that in 20~<30[(11.34±9.23)μg/L] and 30~<40 year-old age group[(11.17±10.88)μg/L](P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in level of urine lead between the working age group of <10 years[(11.39±9.68) years] and that of ≥10 years [(18.00±14.37) years](P<0.05). The level of urine lead in smelting furnace workers[(15.54±11.63)μg/L] was sig

关 键 词：钢铁厂 尿铅 职业健康检查 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]