2009-2017年北京市通州区手足口病流行病学特征及病原监测分析  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in Tongzhou district of Beijing,2009-2017

作　　者：李秋虹[1] 高志勇[2] 李洪军[1] 杨艳娜[1] 陈立新[1] 郑燃燃 郗璐 Li Qiuhong;Gao Zhiyong;Li Hongjun;Yang Yanna;Chen Lixin;Zheng Ranran;Xi Lu(Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China;Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《疾病监测》2019年第3期241-245,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析2009—2017年北京市通州区手足口病流行特征及病原学结果,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集通州区近9年的手足口病报告资料,采用描述流行病学方法对手足口病流行病学及病原资料进行分析。结果 9年间通州区报告手足口病病例29 809例,年均发病率为276.04/10万,呈下降趋势,病例数隔年高发,5—7月为发病高峰。西部和北部地区年均发病率高,前3位为马驹桥镇、梨园镇和张家湾镇。男女性别比为1.45∶1,集中在≤5岁年龄组,占91.23%。2010年重症病例比例最高,达0.54%,随后逐年下降(χ~2=–6.864,P<0.001)。历年病原谱构成不同(χ~2=285.149,P<0.001),优势毒株呈季节性变化。结论通州区手足口病发病率和重症比例呈下降趋势,有季节性、≤5岁儿童和重点地区高发的分布特征,病原分布呈不同年份和季节的动态变化。应进一步加强疫情监测和宣传教育力度,做好病原学检测,流行季节对重点地区、重点人群采取有效的综合性防控措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Tongzhou district of Beijing from 2009 to 2017 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Data of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) reports in Tongzhou district in recent 9 years were collected,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic data of HFMD.Results During the 9 years,29 809 cases of HFMD disease were reported in Tongzhou district,with an average annual incidence of276.04/100 000,showing a downward trend,the number of cases was high every other year.The incidence peak was from May-July.The western and northern regions have a high average annual incidence,and the top three are Majuqiao town,Liyuan town and Zhangjiawan town.The sex ratio of males and females was 1.45∶1,the cases were concentrated in the age group of 5 years old,accounting for 91.23%.In 2010,the highest proportion of serious illness case of illness,reaches 0.54%,then gradually decreased(χ^2=–6.864,P<0.001).The composition of pathogens over the years is different(χ^2=285.149,P<0.001),and the dominant strains are seasonally changing.Conclusion The incidence and proportion of severe cases of HFMD showed decline trends in Tongzhou district,and the seasonal,age and area distributions of the cases were observed.The predominant pathogens varied with season and year.It is necessary to further strengthen HFMD surveillance,health education and etiological detection.Effective comprehensive HFMD prevention and control measures should be taken in key season,area and population during the epidemic season.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 重症病例 病原学 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]