奎屯市大气VOCs浓度水平及物种的年变化  

Annual changes of concentration level and the kinds of VOCs in Kuitun City

作　　者：郭宇宏 朱俏俏 杨春[1] 杨荣江 谷超 张小啸 刘文江[5] 田青[4] GUO Yu-hong;ZHU Qiao-qiao;YANG Chun;YANG Rong-jiang;GU Chao;ZHANG Xiao-xiao;LIU wen-jiang;TIAN Qin(Xinjiang Environmental Monitor Centre,Ministry qf Environment Protection, Urumqi 830011 ,Xinjiang, China;Zhejiang Economic hiformation Center (Zhejiang Center for Climate Change and Low-carbon Development Cooperation), Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China;Postdoctoral Station of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang, China;Kuitun Environmental Monitoring Station , Kuitun 833200, Xinjiang, China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011 , Xinjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区环境监测总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]浙江省经济信息中心(浙江省应对气候变化和低碳发展合作中心),浙江杭州310006 [3]浙江大学环境科学与工程学科博士后流动站,浙江杭州310027 [4]奎屯市环境保护监测站,新疆奎屯833200 [5]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2019年第2期280-287,共8页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：新疆自然科学基金项目(2013211A045)

摘　　要：为获取到实时的大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)浓度组成及其日变化特征,2013—2015年在新疆奎屯市环境监测站高20 m的楼顶采用TH-300大气挥发性有机物快速在线监测仪器进行了为期3 a的观测。结果显示,奎屯市TVOCs浓度年均值范围66.0～80.7 ppbv,低碳烷烃、低碳稀烃、高碳烷烃、苯系物和高碳烯烃为主要的五类VOCs,其浓度之和占TVOCs浓度的84.1%。奎屯市冬季VOCs浓度值是年均值1.5倍、冬夏VOCs浓度相差3倍左右,与其他城市相比,大气挥发性污染物浓度水平整体是偏高。与前两年相比,2015年大气中卤代烃、苯系物、含氧(氮)VOCs的百分含量明显提升,分别上升15.6个百分点、6.5个百分点、5.9个百分点,大气VOCs有毒有害成分比例提升。由于在各类挥发性机物中,相同的条件下卤代烃与其它有机物相比,更容易发生光化学反应,因此,从卤代烃夏季含量很高的变化趋势看,奎屯市夏季发生光化学反应的能力不断增强。To find the real-time concentrations and temporal distribution of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in Kuitun,Xinjiang,China,VOCs were observed by using online gas chromatograph on a roof of a building which was 20 meters high during 2013 to 2015.The results show that the range of annual average concentration of total VOCs(TVOCs) in Kuitun is from 64.8 to 82.8 ppbv,and the main classes of VOCs are light alkanes,light olefins,high alkanes,benzene series and high olefins,which total concentration accounted for 84.1% of TVOCs.The concentration of VOCs in winter was 1.5 times more than the annual average,and differs by 3 times hiqher than that in summer.Compared with other cities,the concentration level of VOCs in Kuitun is higher as a whole.Compared with the last two years,the percentages of halohydrocarbon, benzene series and oxygen(nitrogen) VOCs in air was obviously increased by 15.6%,6.5% and 5.9% respectively in 2015,so did the proportion of poisonous and harmful compositions of VOCs in air.Due to the easier photochemical reaction of halohydrocarbon than other orqanic matters under the same conditions,the capability of photochemical reaction has been increased constantly from the change trend point of view about the high content of halohydrocarbon in summer.

关 键 词：大气VOCs 物种 浓度水平 年月季变化 特征 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]