盘锦地区过敏性鼻炎患者临床特征调查  

Investigation on clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis patients in Panjin

作　　者：李全胜 郑铭[2] 王向东[2,3] 张罗[2,3] LI Quansheng;ZHENG Ming;WANG Xiangdong;ZHANG Luo(Department of Otolaryngology, Panjin Central Hospital, Panjin, Liaoning, 124000, China;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China;Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China)

机构地区：[1]盘锦市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科,辽宁盘锦124000 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100730 [3]北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所鼻病研究北京市重点实验室,北京100005

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2019年第3期150-154,共5页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：教育部长江学者和创新研究团队项目(IRT13082);国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究项目(81420108009);国家自然科学基金(81570894);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAI07B04);北京市自然科学基金(7131006);首都医学发展基金(2011-1017-06);北京市医管局使命计划(SML20150203)和北京市医管局临床医学专项(ZYLX201310)联合资助

摘　　要：目的调查盘锦地区过敏性鼻炎(AR)确诊患者的症状特点、治疗情况、伴发疾病以及致敏变应原特征。方法以2017年3月～2018年2月到盘锦市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科就诊的经血清特异性IgE确诊的AR患者作为研究入组对象,借助专门设计的问卷详尽收集患者的病史资料。结果共入组613例AR确诊患者,35岁之前男性患者数量超过女性,35岁以后女性患者更多;46%患者在8月和9月集中就诊;根据症状和持续时间分类,轻度间歇性AR 15.0%,轻度持续性AR 14.7%,中重度间歇性AR 18.1%,中重度持续性AR 52.2%;轻度间歇性AR患者很少使用药物治疗(59.8%),中重度持续性AR比例最低(30.6%),跟前者相比,后者常常会在有症状时使用药物(49.7%vs 29.3%),各亚型AR患者药物使用的情况存在统计学差异(χ~2=29.09,P<0.01);症状自报率:喷嚏77.0%,鼻塞59.1%,清水涕53.5%,鼻痒49.6%,眼痒48.0%,溢泪31.8%。鼻塞是持续性AR患者的常见症状(χ~2=14.39,P<0.01),喷嚏和鼻痒症状更多见于间歇性AR患者(χ~2=27.15,P<0.01;χ~2=9.03,P=0.03)。结论全面了解盘锦地区AR门诊患者的临床特征,为未来的预防和诊治制定有效的临床决策提供科学依据。OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of symptoms, treatment, cormorbities and sensitized allergens in allergic rhinitis(AR) patients from city Panjin. METHODS AR patients diagnosed by serum specific IgE from March 2017 to February 2018 in department of otolaryngology in Panjin Central Hospital were enrolled in this study, and their medical history data were collected in detail by means of specially designed questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 613 AR patients were enrolled in the study, the number of male patients was higher than that of female patients before 35 years old, the number of female patients was higher after 35 years old;46% of outpatients concentrated in August and September;according to the classification of symptoms and duration, mild intermittent 15.0%, mild persistent 14.7%, moderate-severe intermittent 18.1%, moderate-severe persistent 52.2%;mild intermittent patients rarely used medication(59.8%) and the percentage of moderate-severe intermittent was the lowest(30.6%). Compared with the former, the latter often used drugs when symptoms were present(49.7% vs 29.3%). There were statistical differences in drug use among patients with various subtypes of AR(X^2=29.09, P<0.01);the self-reported rate of symptoms: sneezing(77.0%), nasal obstruction(59.1%), rhinorrhea(53.5%), nasal itching(49.6%), eye itching(48.0%) and watery eye(31.8%). Nasal obstruction is a more common symptom in patients with persistent AR(X^2=14.39, P<0.01). Sneezing and nasal itching are more common in patients with intermittent AR(χ^2=27.15, P<0.01;χ^2=9.03, P=0.03). CONCLUSION To fully understand the clinical characteristics of AR outpatients in city Panjin, and to provide scientific data for future prevention and treatment and effective clinical decision-making.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 季节性 鼻炎 变应性 常年性 体征和症状 伴发疾病 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]