巴西电网失步解列情况分析及启示  

Analysis on Out-of-step Separation in Brazilian Power Grid and Its Inspiration

作　　者：刘云 LIU Yun(State Grid Brazil Holding S.A.,Rio de Janeiro 20071004,Brazil)

机构地区：[1]国家电网巴西控股公司,巴西里约热内卢20071004

出　　处：《电网技术》2019年第4期1111-1121,共11页Power System Technology

摘　　要：失步解列是防止电网事故扩大而导致电网崩溃及大面积停电的最后一道防线,在大电网中广泛应用。2018年3月21日,巴西电网解列事件中,北部、东北部电网先后与主电网解列,巴西电网瓦解为3片。由于同步电网网架复杂、故障性质复杂、全局实测信息不足,失步保护的策略制定、实时判断和实时配合面临挑战。本次电网故障过程中系统解列的发生和发展过程体现了巴西区域电网联网架构、系统解列设备配置和参数整定、运行和管理等方面的自身特点。与中国电网实践相比,巴西电网发展具有自身理念,一是,电网管理方面,私有化特许经营体制对电网规划严格执行和电网系统保护参数适应性提出挑战;二是,输电网方面,电压等级密,若干主干网电压等级偏低,全国同步电网分层分区结构不明显,广泛应用各电压等级电磁环网。此次停电中电网解列过程,对巴西境内在建、在运的我国输电资产的管理提升具有重要参考价值。Power system out-of-step separation is the last resort to prevent grid collapse and blackout caused by accident extension,and widely applied in large power grid. On March21, 2018, during the power grid separation, the Northern and Northeastern power grids of Brazil were disconnected with Brazilian Sistema Interligado Nacional(SIN), and the Brazilian power grid was disintegrated into 3 islands. Considering the complex synchronous grid structure, complex fault performance and lack of real-time global measurement information, out-of-step protection faces challenges on aspects of strategy formulation, real-time judgment and real-time cooperation. The grid separation performances basically embody the typical characteristics of Brazilian operation and management, on aspects of regional power grid structure,equipment configuration and system parameter setting of system protection. Compared with Chinese power grid practices, Brazilian power grid is characterized with its own characteristics and concepts. On one hand, as for grid management, private power administration is partly oppositely related to both strict implementation of power grid plan realization and high adaptability of the power system protection parameters. On the other hand, as for transmission grid, the voltage levels are dense, the voltage levels of some backbone grids are low,the hierarchical and regional principle has little shown in the nationwide synchronous power grid structure, and the electromagnetic loop networks with various voltage levels are widely applied. Analysis on the power system separation will be beneficial to promote management of Chinese transmission assets both under construction and operation in Brazil.

关 键 词：同步电网 失步 解列断面 电压等级 电磁环网 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]