秦皇岛市某社区老年人群流感疫苗接种的影响因素及接种效果  

Influencing factors and effect of influenza vaccination among elderly people in a community of Qinhuangdao

作　　者：张玮宸 裴玉芳[1] ZHANG Weichen;PEI Yufang(Department of Preventive Health Service, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]秦皇岛市第一医院预防保健处,066000

出　　处：《武警医学》2019年第3期215-217,220,共4页Medical Journal of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force

摘　　要：目的探讨秦皇岛市某社区老年人群流感疫苗接种的影响因素及接种效果。方法选择2017-10至2017-12秦皇岛市某社区192名老年人为研究对象,开展流感疫苗接种宣传。根据接种情况将老年人分为接种组和未接种组。采用多因素Logistic回归分析流感疫苗接种的影响因素,观察月平均收入对疫苗接种的影响及因上呼吸道疾病就诊情况。结果接种组夫妻共同生活者明显多于未接种组,中学以上学历及月收入较高者均明显多于未接种组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:婚姻状况、受教育程度及收入水平是促进社区老年人群接种流感疫苗的因素。接种组半年内因上呼吸道疾病就诊率(47. 1%)明显低于未接种组(75. 6%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=16. 24,P <0. 01)。结论社区老年人接种流感疫苗对预防上呼吸道疾病具有较好效果,应通过加强健康教育、增加政府补贴等措施进一步提高社区老年人群接种流感疫苗的积极性和接种率。Objective To observe the influencing factors and effect of influenza vaccination among senior citizens in a community of Qinhuangdao. Methods One hundred and ninety-nine elderly people in the community were selected as the subjects who were informed of influenza vaccination. According to the accessibility to vaccination,the elders were divided into the inoculation group and non inoculation group. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of influenza vaccination,and to observe the influence of monthly average incomes on vaccination and hospital visits by patients with upper respiratory diseases.Results The number of couples living together in the vaccination group was significantly larger than that in the non-vaccination group,so was the number of those with better education and higher monthly incomes( P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that marital status,education levels and income levels were the factors that promoted influenza vaccination among the elderly in the community. Six months after follow-up,the visiting rate due to upper respiratory tract diseases was significantly lower in the vaccination group( 47. 1%) than in the non-vaccination group( 75. 6%)(χ^2= 16. 24,P < 0. 01). Conclusions Influenza vaccination has good effect on the prevention of upper respiratory diseases among the elderly in the community. Such measures as strengthening health education and increasing government subsidies should be taken to further improve the enthusiasm for and vaccination rate of influenza vaccination among the elderly in the community.

关 键 词：老年人 流感 疫苗 影响因素 

分 类 号：R511.7.[医药卫生—内科学] R186.3[医药卫生—临床医学]