全身麻醉药对发育期脑神经毒性的基础研究进展  

Basic studies on neurotoxicity of general anesthetics in the developing brain

作　　者：佟冬怡[1] 王微微 吴子怡 于威威[1] 徐莹[1] 张雅涵 赵平[1] Tong Dongyi;Wang Weiwei;Wu Ziyi;Yu Weiwei;Xu Ying;Zhang Yahan;Zhao Ping(Department of Anesthesiology,China Medical University,Shengjing Hospital,Shenyang 110004,China;Department of Molecular Biochemistry,Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine,Nagoya 23100-2,Japan)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院麻醉科,沈阳110004 [2]名古屋大学大学院医学系研究科生物化学讲座分子细胞化学分野,名古屋市23100-2,日本

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2019年第3期275-279,共5页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870838);国家自然科学基金青年项目(81701219);辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目(LQNK201712);辽宁重点研发项目(2018225004).

摘　　要：目前对于全身麻醉药毒性的基础实验研究主要包括啮齿类和非人灵长类种属动物,上述动物研究已证实全身麻醉药可引起发育期大脑易损区域广泛的神经细胞凋亡、神经发育受损、突触可塑性改变、神经胶质细胞发育受损等一系列组织病理学变化,这些组织病理学改变与成年期认知和学习记忆功能的改变的联系仍不十分明确,基础实验研究已证实认知和学习记忆功能的改变与接触的全身麻醉药的种类、接触时间、频率等因素有关。现就全身麻醉药对发育期脑神经毒性动物实验研究的组织变化及远期认知学习记忆影响进行综述,进一步通过动物实验探讨全身麻醉药对发育期脑的神经毒性作用,为临床研究提供理论基础。Animal researches on the toxicity of general anesthetics, mainly include laboratory studies from the rodent and non-human primate species. Basic studies have confirmed that general anesthetics can cause widely apoptosis in vulnerable regions of brain, changes on neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, development of glial cells, and a series of histopathological changes. However, it is still uncertain of the relationship between the histopathological changes and cognitive changes, as well as learning and memory. And basic studies have also confirmed that the outcome of cognition and learning memory disfunction is related to the species of anesthetics, the exposure period, the exposure frequency and other factors. To make a review of recent animal researches on the neurotoxicity of the general anesthetic in fields of histopathology and long-term behavior in the developing period, to further explore the neurotoxic effect of general anesthetics on the development of brain in the development of the brain through animal experiments, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical research.

关 键 词：麻醉药 全身 发育期 神经毒性 基础研究 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]