改善供应链库存管理绩效的系统思考——以啤酒游戏为例  

Systematic Thinking to Improve the Performance of Supply Chain Inventory Control:Taking the Model of Beergame as an Example

作　　者：李旭[1] 陆天 LI Xu;LU Tian(School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《系统工程理论方法应用》2019年第2期361-368,共8页Systems Engineering Theory·Methodology·Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71071037,71471042,71490723,91546104);上海市哲学社会科学基金资助项目(2011BGL013);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划资助项目(17DZ1101002)

摘　　要：运用基于系统动力学的动态研究的方法,以啤酒游戏为例,从动态复杂性的视角,探讨了改善供应链库存管理绩效的影响因素和解决方案。认为"系统结构""控制策略"和"控制参数"是影响供应链库存管理绩效的3类要素,提出了调整订货周期匹配订货提前期的"结构性解决方案"、基于考虑已发出订单和在途货物量的"策略性解决方案"和基于参数控制的"操作性解决方案"。并且,通过系统仿真分析和人工试验,研究了这3类要素在集中控制和分散控制模式下对库存绩效的影响。结果表明,这3类解决方案在集中控制模式下的有效性依次递增,而在分散控制模式下的有效性依次递减。该结果展示了多级供应链库存系统的动态复杂性,以及系统思考在处理动态复杂性方面的重要性和有效性。Taking the model of beergame as an example, this paper studied the impacting factors and solutions for improving management performance of the supply chain inventory control system based on the principles of system dynamics and artificial simulation from the perspective of dynamic complexity. It believed that the "system structure", "control policy" and "control parameters" were three kinds of important factors to affect the performance of supply chain inventory management. Besides, it proposed the "structural solutions" to adjust the ordering cycle to match the order lead time, the "strategic solutions" based on consideration of the orders placed, the amount of goods in transit, and the "operating solutions" based on parameter control. In addition, it studied the influence of these three types of factors on the management performance under centralized control and decentralized control. The results show that the effectiveness of these three solutions on management performance is increasing in centralized control and is decreasing in decentralized control. The results also indicate that systematic thinking is important and effective in dealing with dynamic complexity.

关 键 词：供应链库存 管理绩效 牛鞭效应 系统动力学 

分 类 号：F253[经济管理—国民经济]