基于GIS的红枫湖流域平坝区境内农业非点源污染估算  

ESTIMATION OF AGRICULTURAL NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN PINGBA DISTRICT IN HONGFENG LAKE BASIN BASED ON GIS

作　　者：张昊天 周忠发 刘贤梅 但雨生 蒋翼 尚梦佳 ZHANG Hao-tian;ZHOU Zhong-fa;LIU Xian-mei;DAN Yu-sheng;JIANG Yi;SHANG Meng-jia(School of Geography & Environmental Science/School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001 , China;State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001 , China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵阳550001

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第3期174-179,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州喀斯特科学研究中心项目"喀斯特筑坝河流水安全评估与调控对策"(U1612441);国家自然科学基金地区项目"喀斯特石漠化地区生态资产与区域贫困耦合机制研究"(41661088);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划-"百"层次人才(黔科合平台人才〔2016〕5674);国家遥感中心贵州分部平台建设(黔科合计Z字〔2012〕4003;黔科合计Z字〔2013〕4003)

摘　　要：为了探求喀斯特地区非点源污染源,通过地理信息技术对红枫湖流域平坝区境内进行水系提取及流域划分,调查农村居民生活污水、畜禽散养、农村生活污水3大非点源污染源,并运用等标污染负荷法,计算各乡镇TP、TN、COD、NH_3-N 4种污染物的总等标污染负荷比,并利用GIS空间技术分析了各乡镇污染贡献度。结果表明:高峰镇总等标污染负荷比最高,为39. 8%,高峰、马场、乐平三镇的总等标污染负荷之和超过80%。研究区化肥流失、禽畜散养的总等标污染负荷比分别为47%和39%,是红枫湖流域平坝区境内非点源污染的主要来源,并提出了针对性的污染防治对策。In order to explore non-point source pollution in karst regions and provide a basis for prevention and control of rural water pollution,the drainage system extraction and watershed division in Pingba District of Hongfeng Lake basin were carried out by geographic information technology. The research area included villages and towns. Three major sources of pollution,namely rural residential domestic sewage,livestock and poultry bulk farming and rural domestic sewage were selected,and four pollutants of TP,TN COD and NH3-N of towns were calculated by equivalent standard pollution load method. The contribution of each township to pollution was analyzed by GIS spatial technology. The results showed that the total equivalent standard pollution load ratio of Gaofeng Town was 39. 8%,which was the highest,and the sum of equivalent pollution load ratio of Gaofeng Town,Machang Town and Leping Town exceeded 80%.The total equivalent standard pollution load ratio of fertilizer loss and poultry and livestock bulk farming was 47% and 39%,which was the main source of non-point source pollution in Pingba District of Hongfeng Lake basin,and the corresponding pollution control countermeasures were put forward.

关 键 词：喀斯特地区 非点源污染 空间分析 等标污染负荷 红枫湖 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X71