在场与出场:中国武术阴阳思想探析  

Presence and Appearance: Analysis on Yin and Yang Thought in Chinese Martial Arts

作　　者：高亮 麻晨俊[3] 张道鑫[1] 王国志[4] GAO Liang;MA Chen -jun;ZHANG Dao-xin;WANG Guo -zhi(Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing 210014,China;Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative InnovationCenter of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210014 ,China;College of Sports,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023 , China;School of P. F,Suzhou University,Suzhou 215021 ,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省运动与健康工程协同创新中心,江苏南京210014 [3]南京师范大学体育科学学院,江苏南京21023 [4]苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《体育学研究》2019年第2期23-30,共8页Journal of Sports Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目:太极拳健康思想及其对老年人健康效应研究(项目编号:18BTY098)

摘　　要：运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法对中国武术中"阴阳思想"进行了梳理分析。"阴阳"从最初的自然现象解释、本体论、目的论、宇宙论的"入场",再到认识论、实践论的"出场",早已不再是迷信的符号,而是在历史语境中自觉地进行动态转化,进而达到一种相对平衡的思维模式,这对中国传统身体技艺——武术的形成与发展产生了深远的影响。作为中国文化最具代表性的思想之一,"阴阳"对各个方面影响广泛,其中武术受阴阳学说影响非常显著的领域之一。在传统武术的文化塔顶上,闪烁着中国哲学智慧的辉光。浑然无迹、有感皆应既是这个武道的生动体现,又是阴阳互济的契合结果。明阴阳之变,求天人合一,是传统武术希冀穷神知化,以具天地精神的一个基本道枢所在。阴阳全方位地统摄着武术的器物、制度和精神层面,基于此,我们从外显、中间和内隐三个层次进一步理解"一阴一阳谓之道"和"一阴一阳谓之拳"的中国武术阴阳思想。鉴于"阴阳思想"全方位地表现在中国武术的各个层面,其中器物层表现为阴阳相济的十八般武艺,制度层表现为内外双修的金科玉律,精神层表现为动静中和的技击超越。正是受到该思想的影响,中国武术才能够从一种注重器物属性的"活命之术"、"技击之能"不断发展并逐渐成为一种强调精神属性的"修身之术"、"艺术之能",最终成为中国人实现"技观阴阳"、"由技入道"的切实载体和路径。Using literature, logic analysis and other research methods to comb and analyze the u Yin and Yang thoughtsnin Chinese martial arts."Yin and Yang", from the initial interpretation of natural phe nomena ,ontology, teleology, cosmology, to the " appearance" of epistemology and practice, has long since ceased to be a symbol of superstition, but consciously carried out a dynamic transformation in the historical context. Then it reaches a relatively balanced mode of thinking, which has a profound impact on the formation and development of traditional Chinese physical skills, martial arts. As one of the most representative ideas of Chinese culture, u Yin and Yang" has a wide range of influences on various as pects ,among which one of the areas where martial arts is influenced by Yin and Yang theory is very sig nificant. On the top of the cultural tower of traditional martial arts, the glow of Chinese philosophical wisdom shines. It is both a vivid manifestation of this martial art and a result of the combination of Yin and Yang. Clearing out the change of Yin and Yang, seeking the unity of heaven and man, is a basic martial art of traditional martial arts. Yin and Yang comprehensively capture the fascinating, institution al and spiritual aspects of martial arts. Based on this, we further understand Chinese martial arts Yin and Yang thoughts of the "one Yin and one Yang are called the Way" and the "one Yin and one Yang are called the fist" from the three levels of explicit, intermediate and implicit. Considering the "Yin and Yang thoughtsn are manifested in all aspects of Chinese martial arts, among them, the instrumental layer is represented by the eighteen martial arts of Yin and Yang, the institutional layer is represented by the golden law of both internal and external practise together, and the spiritual layer is represented by the neutralization of still and movement beyond attack. It is influenced by this idea that Chinese mar tial arts can continuously develop from a u technique of survival" and u skill and atta

关 键 词：中国武术 阴阳思想 武术文化 修身之术 传统文化 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]