基本电荷的精密测量及电流单位安培的重新定义  

Precision measurements of elementary charge and the redefinition of the ampere

作　　者：沈乃澂[1] SHEN Nai-Cheng(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《物理》2019年第4期237-242,共6页Physics

摘　　要：1990年1月1日,为了建立电压和电阻及其他电学量在测量中的国际一致性,国际计量委员会引入了分别基于约瑟夫森效应和量子霍尔效应的伏特V和欧姆Ω新的实际表示,以及KJ和RK的约定值(即采用值)。本文给出了由国际科技数据委员会推荐的2014年电学量基本常数自洽组的最新数值。On 1 January 1990, to establish worldwide uniformity in the measurement of voltage and resistance and other electric quantities, the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) introduced new practical representations of the volt (V) and ohm (Ω) based, respectively, on the Josephson effect and quantum Hall effect, as well as the conventional (i.e. adopted) values of KJ and RK. This paper gives the self-consistent set of the basic constants of electric quantities recommended in 2014 by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA).

关 键 词：精密测量 约瑟夫森效应 量子霍尔效应 安培 伏特 欧姆 

分 类 号：TM933.23[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]