2013-2017年哈尔滨市人间布鲁菌病疫情监测结果分析  

Monitoring results of human brucellosis from 2013 to 2017 in Harbin

作　　者：曹建滨[1] 黄明 高晓丽[1] 黄凤雅 杨梦莉[1] 刘皎珏 张文翠[1] Cao Jianbin;Huang Ming;Gao Xiaoli;Huang Fengya;Yang Mengli;Liu Jiaojue;Zhang Wencui(Institute for Prevention and Control of Endemic Diseases,Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin 150056,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心地方病预防控制所,150056

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2019年第4期298-301,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的掌握哈尔滨市布鲁菌病(简称布病)疫情的流行特点,为制订防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,收集2013-2017年"中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统"中布病相关信息和市级监测点监测结果,分析哈尔滨市布病疫情地区、时间、人群分布情况的流行特点。结果2013-2017年,哈尔滨共报告布病2909例,发病率由5.98/10万下降到4.53/10万,以散发为主,2017年出现1起由布鲁菌活疫苗(A19株)引起的爆发疫情;哈尔滨市18个区(县、市)5年间均有布病病例报告,双城区、依兰县、宾县、巴彦县发病人数较多,占发病人数的53.76%(1564/2909);布病发病时间集中在3-7月份,占发病人数的57.17%(1663/2909);年龄分布以30~59岁青壮年为主,占发病人数的72.57%(2111/2909);性别分布以男性为主,占发病人数的75.42%(2194/2909);职业分布以农民为主,占发病人数的86.28%(2510/2909)。2013-2017年,市级监测点对7005名职业人群进行流行病学调查,血清学检测2141人,阳性率为3.32%(71/2141),除2016年外,血清阳性率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^2=13.927,P<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市人间布病发病率逐年下降,但对疫苗引起的疫情应高度重视并加强防控。Objective To find out the epidemic characteristics of brucellosis in Harbin and provide scientific evidences for development of countermeasures.Methods The brucellosis surveillance data were collected from the "National Diseases Surveillance Information Management System" and the municipal surveillance results from 2013 to 2017 in Harbin;the place,time and population distribution characteristics of brucellosis were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 2 909 cases of brucellosis were reported in Harbin from 2013 to 2017,and the incidence of brucellosis declined from 5.98 per 100 000 to 4.53 per 100 000,the epidemic situation was mainly sporadic,and an outbreak caused by a live Brucella vaccine(A19 strain)was reported in 2017;all eighteen districts(counties or cities)in Harbin had reported epidemic in the past five years,Shuangcheng,Yilan,Binxian and Bayan had a large number of cases,accounted for 53.76%(1 564/2 909)of the total number of patients in Harbin;the time of onset focused on March to July,which accounted for 57.17%(1 663/2 909)of annual incidence;age distribution,mainly young adults aged 30 to 59,accounted for 72.57%(2 111/2 909);gender distribution predominantly male,accounted for 75.42%(2 194/2 909);and occupational distribution predominantly farmers,accounted for 86.28%(2 510/2 909).In the municipal surveillance stations from 2013 to 2017,7 005 cases were surveyed,of which 2 141 cases received serological test,the positive rate was 3.32%(71/2 141),except 2016,the serum positive rate was decreasing year by year(χ^2= 13.927,P<0.05),and the monitoring results of municipal monitoring stations can better reflect the epidemic trend.Conclusions The incidence of brucellosis in Harbin is decreasing year by year.However,the outbreak caused by the new vaccines should be given high attention and we should strengthen prevention and control of the disease.

关 键 词：布鲁杆菌病 流行病学研究 监测 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]