厩螫蝇及其防治  

Biology and control of stable fly

作　　者：冷培恩[1] 蒋先进 高强[2] LENG Pei-en;JIANG Xian-jin;GAO Qiang(Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shanghai 200336, China;Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200023 , China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [2]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200023

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第2期97-101,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：厩螫蝇是一类全球性分布的、危害性较高的畜牧业经济性害虫,除叮刺吸血骚扰外,还可造成疾病的传播。厩螫蝇常孳生在混有动物粪便的干草中,因此控制的关键是管理孳生地,最有效的方法是孳生基质的移除、干燥或深埋。由于厩螫蝇成蝇食性不同,通常适用于诱捕和监测蝇类的捕蝇笼不适用于厩螫蝇的控制和监测,适用于诱杀成蝇的毒饵也不适用于诱杀厩螫蝇。对牲畜体表用杀虫剂和驱虫剂有助于控制厩螫蝇数量;常用的蝇类控制方法可用于厩螫蝇的控制,针对厩螫蝇的空间喷洒作业宜在厩螫蝇活动高峰时进行,一般多在早上和中午;针对厩螫蝇的滞留喷洒宜喷洒在其栖息地包括栅栏、饲料铺、建筑物和养殖场周围的植被上;利用厩螫蝇飞行高度距地面约为90 cm的习性,可在蝇密度高的区域人工设置含有杀虫剂的900 mm×600 mm灭蝇绳网或者粘板杀灭成蝇。Stomoxys calcitrans(L.),also called stable fly,is a worldwide pest to both humans and animals.It can heavily infest cattle and carry pathogenic micro organisms through blood-feeding.Since its maggots mostly develop in manure mixed with hay or decaying vegetable,the key of stable fly control is the management of its breeding sites.The most effective way is to remove,dry or bury the breeding medium(i.e.manure,spilled feed and decaying vegetable).Due to the differences in feeding behavior,traps or poison baits used for routine flies monitoring or control are not efficient in trapping stable flies.For stable fly control,insecticides and repellents for livestock seem to be effective,and the conventional fly control methods(i.e.space or residual spraying) are also useful in reducing its density.Space spraying should be carried out in the morning or at noon,the timing of peak stable fly activity,and residual spraying should target on the vegetations around its habitats.Since stable flies prefer to fly a height about 90 cm from the ground,an insecticide-treated net(900 mm×600 mm),or a white board or panel with a non-drying glue painted onto the surface can also be adopted to reduce its density.

关 键 词：厩螫蝇 生物学 蝇类防治 

分 类 号：R384.2[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R184.33[医药卫生—基础医学]