淮安市2017年蚊生态学及抗药性调查  

The ecology and insecticide resistance of mosquitoes in Huai'an City in 2017

作　　者：蔡蓉[1] 邵宗贤[1] 苏琦[1] 胡锦流[1] 陈跃 CAI Rong;SHAO Zhong-xian;SU Qi;HU Jin-liu;CHEN Yue(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Huaian, Huaian 223001 , China;Medical Association of Huaian, Huaian 223001 , China)

机构地区：[1]淮安市疾病预防控制中心,江苏淮安223001 [2]淮安市医学会,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第2期116-118,共3页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：淮安市科技计划项目重点研发计划(编号:HAS201616)

摘　　要：目的通过对淮安市2017年蚊生态学及3个年度淡色库蚊抗药性监测数据的分析,了解蚊密度、种群、抗药性现状,为蚊虫防治提供依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法开展监测,浸渍法测定蚊幼虫抗药性。结果淮安市常见蚊种及构成比分别为淡色库蚊50.45%、三带喙库蚊43.98%、中华按蚊2.89%、白纹伊蚊1.47%、骚扰阿蚊1.19%,淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊是优势种群,共占捕获蚊虫的94.42%;全市的蚊密度季节消长为单峰曲线,蚊密度最高峰出现在7月,为5.14只/(灯·h);在监测的5种生境中,居民区、公园、医院主要以淡色库蚊为主,构成比分别为79.60%、77.57%、90.12%,牲畜棚以三带喙库蚊为主,构成比为70.56%,农户以淡色库蚊(59.20%)和三带喙库蚊(32.50%)为主,不同生境的蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义。2014年,淡色库蚊幼虫对双硫磷产生中度抗性(13倍),对仲丁威产生低度抗性(4.21倍);2016年,对双硫磷、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯均产生低度抗性,抗性倍数分别为5.75、5.28、2.25倍。结论淮安市蚊虫种群丰富,有明显的季节高峰;持续开展抗药性监测并科学指导灭蚊,蚊虫抗药性水平处于较低水平;继续采取以环境治理为主,合理使用杀虫剂,加强有害生物防治和物业公司培训以及宣传教育等综合性措施。Objective To understand the status of the density,population and insecticide resistance of mosquitoes,and provide the basis for mosquito control.Methods Mosquitoes were collected and monitored with light-traps,and the insecticide resistance was measured with immersion method.Results The common mosquito species were Culex pipiens pallens,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Anopheles sinensis,Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus with its proportion of 50.45%,43.98%,2.89% 1.47% and 1.19% respectively.The dominant population was Culex pipiens pallens and Culex tritaeniorhynchus,accounting for 94.42%.The season character of the mosquito density was unimodal curve,peaked in July with the density of 5.14 insects per light in an hour.Culex pipiens pallens mainly appeared in residential area,parks and hospitals with 79.60%,77.57%,and 90.12% in proportion.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was remarkably in stable with 70.56%.The first two were also the main mosquitoes in residence accounting for 59.20% and 32.50%,with statistical difference in biotopes.The larvae of Culex pipiens pallens showed the mid-resistance to biothion and low-resistance to fenobucarb in 2014.They held low-resistance,5.75,5.28 and 2.25 folds respectively to biothion,beta-cypermethrin and permethrin in 2016.Conclusion There were variety of mosquitoes in Huaian City,and an obvious seasonal peak.The insecticide resistances were low to the tested insecticides.Comprehensive prevention including environmental management integrated with using insecticides reasonably should be conducted.

关 键 词：蚊 种群结构 季节动态 抗药性 

分 类 号：R184.31[医药卫生—流行病学]