新疆梨品种与‘库尔勒香梨’授粉亲和性及花粉直感  

Pollination compatibility and pollen xenia of Xinjiang pear cultivars with ‘Kuerlexiangli' pear

作　　者：曼苏尔.那斯尔 杜润清[2] 陈湘颖 周伟权 牛莹莹[1] 阿布来克.尼牙孜 廖康[1] Mansur · Nasir;DU Runqing;CHEN Xiangying;ZHOU Weiquan;NIU Yingying;Ablah·Niyaz;LIAO Kang(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Department of AgriculturalEconomics and Science Technology Information,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Luntai Fruit Resource Nursery,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luntai 841600,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农业经济与科技信息研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃,新疆轮台841600

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第4期447-457,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：新疆自治区园艺学重点学科基金(2016-10758-3);科技部;财政部国家科技资源共享服务平台(轮台)(NICGR2018-60)

摘　　要：【目的】探明新疆梨品种与‘库尔勒香梨’的授粉亲和性和花粉直感。【方法】以9个新疆梨品种和‘砀山酥梨’为‘库尔勒香梨’授粉树,对其花粉萌发伸长、坐果率、果实品质等进行研究。【结果】‘库尔勒香梨’与‘绿梨’和‘砀山酥梨’授粉亲和性最好,亲和性与单果质量呈正相关,与果形指数呈负相关‘。库车阿木特‘’艾温切克’和‘绿梨’授粉单果质量最大‘;砀山酥梨‘’绿梨’和‘阿克苏句句梨’授粉果形指数最小‘;绿梨’授粉果实硬度最小‘;库车阿木特’和‘库尔勒黄酸梨’授粉糖酸比最高‘;库车阿木特’授粉可溶性固形物含量最高‘;库尔勒香梨’自花和‘阿克苏句句梨’授粉维生素C含量最高‘;绿梨’和‘砀山酥梨’授粉正常种子数最多,种子数与其果形指数呈显著负相关。【结论‘】绿梨’与‘库尔勒香梨’的亲和性高,单果质量最大、果实硬度最小,糖酸比、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量适中,适宜作为‘库尔勒香梨’授粉品种。【Objective】‘Kuerlexiangli’pear is famous at home and abroad for its thin skin, crispy flesh, juicy and sweet taste, endurable storage, rich nutrition and other characteristics.‘Kuerlexiangli’pear is a kind of self-incompatible fruit whose quality and quantity is strongly influenced by the pollens of the pollinators.‘Dangshansuli’and‘Yali’have shown disadvantages as pollinating trees for‘Kuerlexiangli’pear for inducing poor quality and small fruits. It is necessary to screen more suitable pollinating cultivars. The germplasm resources of Xinjiang pear are rich and their flowering phenology is close to ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear. However, these cultivars are only preserved in National Germplasm Resource Nurseries and horticultural experiment stations, and are seldom utilized in commercial orchards. In order to provide practical guidance and scientific basis for improving yield, fruit quality and further research of‘Kuerlexiangli’pear, the pollination compatibility and Metaxenia of Xinjiang pear cultivars on‘Kuerlexiangli’pear were studied【. Methods】Nine Xinjiang pear cultivars including‘Luntai Jujuli’‘Hese Jujuli’‘Aiwenqieke’‘Kuqa Amut’‘Huocheng Donghuangli’‘Heisuanli’‘Korla Huangsuanli’‘ Lüli’,‘Aksu Jujuli’and introduced cultivar‘Dangshansuli’were used as pollinators for‘Kuerlexiangli’pear. Pollen germination and growth of different pollination combinations on the stigma of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear were observed after in vivo pollination. Fruit setting rates were counted after the second physiological fruit drop period after castration pollination at the popcorn stage. The appearance quality (fruit weight, fruit shape index) and internal quality (fruit firmness, soluble solids, soluble sugar, titratable acid and vitamin C) and seed number of different pollination combinations were analyzed when the fruits ripened. The pollination compatibility of different pollination combinations and the xenia effect were analyzed, and the optimal pollin

关 键 词：新疆梨品种 '库尔勒香梨' 亲和性 花粉直感 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]