果树育种40年回顾与展望  

Retrospection and prospect of fruit breeding for last four decades in China

作　　者：邓秀新[1] 王力荣[2] 李绍华[3] 张绍铃[4] 张志宏[5] 丛佩华[6] 易干军[7] 陈学森[8] 陈厚彬[9] 钟彩虹[10] DENG Xiuxin;WANG Lirong;LI Shaohua;ZHANG Shaoling;ZHANG Zhihong;CONG Peihua;YI Ganjun;CHEN Xuesen;CHEN Houbin;ZHONG Caihong(Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education),Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China;College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,Liaoning,China;Institute of Pomology ,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingcheng 125100,Liaoning,China;Guangdong Fruit Research Institute,Guangdong Academyof Agricultural Sciences ,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong AgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an 271018,Shandong,China;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou510642,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [4]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [5]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161 [6]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100 [7]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州510640 [8]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [9]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642 [10]中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉430074

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第4期514-520,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS)

摘　　要：改革开放以来,我国果树遗传改良与品种选育研究取得长足进展。据不完全统计,主要的11种果树选育了1 968个品种(含砧木),有力支撑了我国果树产业的快速发展,为我国果树实现鲜果供应期延长、品质提升、栽培模式改变提供了保障。细胞工程技术广泛应用于果树遗传改良,分子标记开始在育种中应用,提高了育种效率。我国果树基因组学研究发展迅速,进入世界先进行列。培育多样化品种满足不同用途和不同人群的需求,以及培育抗性好、适合省力化栽培的品种将是未来果树品种发展的方向。The fruit genetic improvement & breeding has achieved a great progress since late of 1970s. A total of 1968 cultivars/varieties of scion and rootstock have been bred or registered during the past four decades based on counting 11 fruit types;as has been promoting the rapid development of fruit industry in China,and supporting the extension of supply season,quality enhancement as well as improvement of culture practice efficacy. Cytological engineering technologies has widely used in fruit genetic improvement,molecular marker assisted selection is being used for fruit breeding,these have increased the breeding efficiency. Genomics research on fruits developed quickly during the past years in China, and has harvested cut-edged results. The trends for fruit breeding in the future includes diversified cultivars/ varieties to meet different demands of consumers and processing,better resistances to bio/abiostresses, and less-labor culture practice.

关 键 词：果树 遗传改良 品种 生物技术 组学 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]