腐熟秸秆还田替代部分化肥对冬小麦生长、产量和氮素利用的影响  

Effects of rotten straw substituting part of mineral fertilizer on growth,grain yield and nitrogen utilization of winter wheat

作　　者：吕得林 张默焓 周春晓[2] 巫厚长[1] LYU Delin;ZHANG Mohan;ZHOU Chunxiao;WU Houzhang(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;The Thirty-second High School of Hefei City,Hefei 230051)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]合肥市第三十二中学,合肥230051

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2019年第1期117-123,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省农业生态环保和质量安全产业技术体系专项资金(皖农科[2016]18号);金寨县人民政府-安徽农业大学现代农业产学研联盟专项基金(金政秘[2014]47号);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAK17B00;2012BAD15B03)共同资助

摘　　要：为冬小麦减量施用化肥,秸秆资源利用提供理论依据,开展了等氮条件下腐熟秸秆替代化肥对冬小麦生长、产量及氮素利用影响的研究。试验设置了等氮条件下不同比例腐熟秸秆替代化肥:腐熟秸秆替代20%(CR20)、50%(CR50)、80%(CR80)和100%(CR100)化肥,以常规施用化肥(CK)作对照,共5个处理。结果表明,与CK相比,CR20对冬小麦的生长、产量及氮素利用影响不显著。CR50、CR80和CR100的株高、叶面积指数、叶绿素a、总叶绿素、生物量、氮素吸收效率、植株氮素利用率和氮素积累量显著低于CK,产量分别比CK减少15.4%、21.9%和23.8%。结论表明腐熟秸秆替代化肥比例宜控制在50%以下。In order to reduce mineral fertilizer application on winter wheat and utilize straw resources,the research on effects of rotten straw substituting part of mineral fertilizer in equal nitrogen level on the growth,grain yield and nitrogen utilization of winter wheat had been carried out.In equal nitrogen level,five treatments of different proportions of rotten straw substituting fertilizer were designed:decomposed straw substituting nitrogen fertilizers by 20%(CR20),50%(CR50),80%(CR80)and 100%(CR100)and 0%(CK)conventional fertilization,respectively.The result showed that CR20 had no significant effect on the growth,grain yield and nitrogen utilization compared with CK.The plant height,leaf area,chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll,biomass,nitrogen uptake efficiency,nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen accumulation of CR50,CR80,and CR100 were significantly lower than that of CK,and the grain yield of winter wheat was reduced 15.4%,21.9%,and 23.8%,respectively.Therefore,the proportion of rotten straw to replace mineral fertilizers is suitable for being controlled lower than 50%.

关 键 词：腐熟秸秆 冬小麦 产量 氮素 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]