打叶留茎对烤烟上部叶质量和可用性的影响  

Effects of threshing leaving stems on quality and usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：田维强 佘文凯 李朝阳[2,3] 刘京 彭玉龙 韩小斌 武丽[2] 李章海[3] TIAN Weiqiang;SHE Wenkai;LI Zhaoyang;LIU Jing;PENG Yulong;HAN Xiaobin;WU Li;LI Zhanghai(Zunyi Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Zunyi 563000;College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Research Center of Tobacco and Health,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230052)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,遵义563000 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [3]中国科学技术大学烟草与健康研究中心,合肥230052

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2019年第1期146-151,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司科技项目"黔北(遵义)山地烟关键生产技术研究与应用"(201612)资助

摘　　要：为了提高烤烟上部叶叶片质量和经济性状。采用田间试验,以常规打顶为对照,设置打叶留茎2节、打叶留茎4节和打叶留茎6节3个顶端调控处理,研究打叶留茎长度对烤烟打顶后农艺性状、上部叶常规化学成分、物理性状及相关生理指标的动态影响。结果表明,和常规打顶相比,打叶留茎降低了烤烟上部叶叶面积、叶质重及叶厚,提高了叶片组织疏松程度;提高上等烟、中等烟及中部化烟叶比例,尤其以打叶留茎4节处理明显,分别增加22.32%、17.56%和191.77%;顶端处理后,3个打叶留茎处理烟株的根系活力降低,钾含量提高,烟碱含量有所下降,其中以打叶留茎4节和打叶留茎6节处理烟叶的烟碱含量降幅最大。3个打叶留茎处理上部叶总糖、还原糖和钾含量以及总糖/烟碱、总氮/烟碱和钾/氯的比值较常规打顶提高,烟叶化学成分协调。打叶留茎4节的烟叶中部化比例和等级较高,上部叶品质较好,工业可用性高。To improve the quality and economic traits of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco.The effects of conventional topping,threshing leaving two stems,threshing leaving four stems and threshing leaving six stems on agronomic traits,main chemical components,physical traits and dynamic physiological indicators of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field experiment.The results showed that,compared with conventional topping,leaf area,weight and thickness of threshing leaving stems were reduced of upper leaves by threshing leaving stems,and the loosen degree was improved;proportion of the fine tobacco,medium tobacco and middle part were increased,and those indexes were increased by 22.32%,17.56%and 191.77%by leaving 4 stems especially.The root activity and nicotine content of three threshing leaving stems were decreased,and potassium content was increased after topping treatment.The total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium content,total sugar/nicotine,total nitrogen/nicotine and potassium/chlorine were increased,and the chemical composition were coordinated of tobacco leaves.Therefore,proportion of middle leaf tobacco of leaving four stems was high,the quality of upper leaves was better,and the industrial availability was high.

关 键 词：打叶留茎 烤烟 上部叶 质量 经济指标 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]