美国早期全志愿兵役制的实施状况  

An Analysis on the Implementation of the Early Stage of All-Voluntary Force System in the United States

作　　者：路霄 LU Xiao(College of History and Tourism Culture of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, Inner Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学历史与旅游文化学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《集宁师范学院学报》2019年第2期72-77,90,共7页Journal of Jining Normal University

摘　　要：1973年越战结束后,美国终止了之前广受社会诟病的征兵制而改行新的全志愿兵役制。新兵役制在实施之初效果并不理想,由于参军实行的是自愿原则,愿意加入军队或留在军中的高水平青年人才并不是很多,使得军队出现了有史以来最为严重的人力资源危机。人们不愿参军的原因包括了越战的遗留因素、国内的经济状况以及兵役制配套制度不完善等问题。而全志愿兵役制的优点在部队兵源的相关问题解决后才显现出来。After ending the Vietnam War in 1973, the United States terminated its previous conscription system which had been widely controversial and started the new all-volunteer force system. The new system did not bring an ideal result at the beginning of its implementation. There weren * t many young people who were willing to join the army or remain in the army due to the volunteering principle, which led the most severe human resource crisis throughout history. People were reluctant to join the army out of many factors, include the influence of the Vietnam War, the domestic economy, the poor supporting system, etc. It was not until the problem of source of troops was solved that the advantages of all-volunteer force system were brought out.

关 键 词：全志愿兵役制 美军 人力资源 影响 

分 类 号：K712.5[历史地理—历史学]