散养密度对肉兔生长性能、血液生理生化指标及肉品质的影响  

Effects of Free Range Density on Growth Performance,Blood Physiological and Biochemical Indices and Meat Quality of Rabbits

作　　者：冯国亮[1] 任克良[1] 郑建婷[1] 曹亮[1] 李燕平[1] 牛晓艳[1] 秦光明 韩君霓 唐耀平[1] FENG Guoliang;REN Keliang;ZHENG Jianting;CAO Liang;LI Yanping;NIU Xiaoyan;QIN Guangming;HAN Junni;TANG Yaoping(Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030032,China;Yunhai Foreign Trade Meat Co.,Ltd.,Changzhi 046000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,太原030032 [2]山西省长治市云海外贸肉食有限公司,长治046000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第4期1695-1703,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系专项(CARS-43-B-3);山西省科技攻关项目(20140311022-4);山西省农业科学院优势课题组自选项目(YYS1714)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究散养密度对肉兔生长性能、血液生理生化指标及肉品质的影响。试验采用单因子设计,选择健康的体重相近的断奶伊拉兔126只,随机分成3组,Ⅰ组散养密度为7只/m2,共49只;Ⅱ组散养密度为6只/m2,共42只;Ⅲ组散养密度为5只/m2,共35只。各组饲喂相同的试验饲粮,预试期为5 d,正试期为45 d。结果表明:各组之间肉兔生长性能、血液生理生化指标、免疫器官指数及屠宰性能差异均不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组兔肉pH极显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.01),Ⅰ组兔肉剪切力显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。各组之间兔肉硬度、咀嚼性、胶黏性、弹性及各项化学指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅲ组兔肉胱氨酸含量极显著低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P <0.01),Ⅰ组兔肉脯氨酸含量显著低于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组兔肉酪氨酸含量显著低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。经济效益以Ⅰ组最高。由此可见,福利散养不仅为家兔提供足够的生存空间,使家兔能够充分表达其生活习性,还有利于经济效益的提高,本试验以7只/m2的散养密度效果最佳。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of free range density on growth performance, blood physiological and biochemical indices and meat quality of rabbits. A single-factor experiment design was adopted, a total of 126 healthy weaning Hyla rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups, the free range density of group Ⅰ was 7 rabbits/m^ 2, with 49 rabbits;the free range density of group Ⅱ was 6 rabbits/m ^2, with 42 rabbits;the free range density of group Ⅲ was 5 rabbits/m ^2, with 35 rabbits. Every group was fed the same experimental diet, the pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days, and the experimental period lasted for 45 days. The results showed that there were no significant differences in growth performance, blood physiological and biochemical indices, immune organ indices and slaughter performance of rabbits among all groups ( P >0.05). The pH of rabbit meat in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅱ( P <0.01), and the shear force of rabbit meat in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅱ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences in hardness, chewiness, gumminess, springiness and chemical indices of rabbit meat among all groups ( P >0.05). The content of cystine of rabbit meat in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ( P <0.01), the content of proline of rabbit meat in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P <0.05), and the content of tyrosine of rabbit meat in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ( P <0.05). The economic benefits of group Ⅰ was the highest. In conclusion, the welfare free range system can not only provide living space which can fully express the life habits for rabbits, but also can improve the economic benefits, and the effects of 7 rabbits/m ^2 free range density is the best.

关 键 词：肉兔 散养密度 生长性能 血液生理生化指标 肉品质 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]