饲粮中添加牛至精油对绵羊复胃发育、消化酶活性及瘤胃微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Dietary Oregano Essential Oil on Complex Stomach Development,Digestive Enzyme Activities and Ruminal Microflora of Sheep

作　　者：周瑞[1] 郎侠[2] 王彩莲[2] 刘立山 韦胜 宋淑珍[2] 吴建平[1] ZHOU Rui;LANG Xia;WANG Cailian;LIU Lishan;WEI Sheng;SONG Shuzhen;WU Jianping(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Animal Husbandry,Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Sheep,Gat and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所甘肃省牛羊种质与秸秆饲料化重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第4期1910-1918,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：天然草原牧草代谢能极端变化时绵羊脂肪代谢与沉积的胁迫性响应机理研究项目(31460592);动物遗传育种与草食畜生产体系(2017GAAS30);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503134);农业部绒毛用羊产业技术体系饲养管理与圈舍环境项目(CRAS-39-18)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加牛至精油对绵羊复胃发育、消化酶活性及瘤胃微生物区系的影响。选取18只体重相近[(20.30±1.27) kg]、体况良好的3月龄萨福克×小尾寒羊F1代公羔,随机分为3组(每组6只):对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,牛至精油组饲喂在基础饲粮基础上分别添加4(EO4组)和7 g/d(EO7组)牛至精油的试验饲粮,预试期10 d,正试期72 d。结果显示:1)绵羊瘤胃容积随饲粮中牛至精油添加量的增加显著增大(P<0.05),与CON组相比,EO7组瘤胃容积指数提高了2. 09%(P <0. 05),皱胃容积指数降低了1. 61%(P <0. 05)。2)与CON组相比,EO4组瘤胃中纤维素酶和胃蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),皱胃中纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性显著升高(P<0.05); EO7组瘤胃、网胃中纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、α-淀粉酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),瓣胃中纤维素酶和皱胃中胃蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加4和7 g/d牛至精油均显著降低了瘤胃中原虫数量(P<0.05);与CON组相比,EO4组瘤胃中黄色瘤胃球菌数量显著升高(P<0.05); EO7组瘤胃中真菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量均显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加牛至精油能促进瘤胃发育及瘤胃中真菌和纤维分解菌的增殖,抑制原虫的生长,提高瘤胃消化酶活性,且以7 g/d的添加量效果较好。This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary oregano essential oil on complex stomach development, digestive enzyme activities and ruminal microflora of sheep. Eighteen 3-month-old crossbred ( Suffolk× small tail Han sheep) F1 male lambs with similar body weight [(20.30±1.27) kg] and good body condition were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 lambs per group. Sheep in the control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, and those in the oregano essential oil groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 4 (EO4 group) or 7 g/d (EO7 group) oregano essential oil. The experiment lasted for 72 days after 10 days adaption. The result showed as follows: 1) the volume of rumen was significantly increased with the dietary oregano essential oil supplemental level increasing ( P <0.05). Compared with the CON group, the volume index of rumen in EO7 group was increased by 2.09%( P <0.05), while the volume index of abmasum in EO7 group was decreased by 1.61%( P <0.05). 2) Compared with the CON group, the cellulase and pepsase activities of rumen in EO4 group were significantly increased ( P <0.05), and the cellulase and β-glucanase activities of abomasum in EO4 group were significantly increased ( P <0.05);the cellulase,β-glucanase and α-amylase activities of rumen and reticulum in EO7 group were significantly increased ( P <0.05), and the cellulase activity of omasum and the pepsase activity of abomasum in EO7 group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ). 3) The population of protozao was significantly decreased by diet supplemented with 4 and 7 g/d oregano essential oil ( P <0.05). Compared with the CON group, the population of rumen Ruminococcus flavefaciens in EO4 group was significantly increased ( P <0.05);the populations of rumen fungi, Ruminococcus flavefaciens , Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes in EO7 group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ). In conclusion, dietary oregano essential oil can advance the development of rumen and the proliferation of rumen fungi and fibrinoly

关 键 词：绵羊 牛至精油 复胃发育 消化酶活性 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]