顶板预裂爆破技术在工作面初采期瓦斯治理中的应用  

Application of Roof Pre-cracking Technology in Gas Control in Initial Mining Stage on Working Face

作　　者：宋亚伟 杨胜强[1,2,3] 赵彤宇 周步壮 SONG Yawei;YANG Shengqiang;ZHAO Tongyu;ZHOU Buzhuang(School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Kay Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2019年第2期61-65,共5页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51174198);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目(SKLCRSM11X01)

摘　　要：高瓦斯煤矿坚硬顶板大面积垮落过程会引起大量瓦斯骤然涌出,必然导致工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚和回风流瓦斯浓度超限。为研究顶板预裂爆破技术在工作面初采期瓦斯治理中的效果,以余吾煤业S5202综放工作面为背景,分析了坚硬顶板大面积垮落所造成的上隅角瓦斯积聚和瓦斯浓度超限原因,设计优化炮孔的布置参数及其爆破的时间和方式,顶板预裂爆破技术实施后绘制工作面的走向和倾向压力分布曲线。研究结果表明:顶板预裂爆破实施后,坚硬顶板及时垮落,形成垮落裂隙,预裂裂隙及时连通高抽巷,在工作面推进过程中,本煤层和邻近层卸压瓦斯被高抽巷抽走,初采期瓦斯涌出量大为减少,瓦斯治理效果明显,未出现上隅角瓦斯积聚和回风流瓦斯浓度超限等现象。The hard roof caved in extensively of a coal mine with a high content of gas will cause a large quantity of gas to gush out suddenly,it will inevitably lead to gas accumulation in the upper corner of the working face and gas content over limit in the return air flow. In order to study the effect of roof pre-cracking technology on gas control in the initial mining stage on working face,taking S5202 fully mechanized working face of Yuwu Coal Industry as the background,analyze the reasons of gas accumulation and gas content over limit in the upper corner caused by the hard roof caved in extensively,the layout of blasting hole and blasting time and mode were optimized,after the implementation of roof pre-cracking technology,the trend and dip pressure distribution curves of the working face were drawn. The results show that after the roof pre-cracking,the hard roof will collapse as soon as possible to form a caving crack,the mining and pre-split cracks will connect the high drainage roadway in time. In the process of working face advance,the pressure relief gas of this coal seam and adjacent strata is drained by the high drainage roadway,gas emission is greatly reduced in the initial mining stage,and gas control effect is obvious. There is no gas accumulation in the upper corner or gas content over limit in the return air flow.

关 键 词：瓦斯积聚 瓦斯浓度超限 坚硬顶板 预裂爆破 初采期 瓦斯治理 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]