松嫩平原北部耕地空间分布及其变化特征  

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTIVATED LAND IN NORTHERN SONGNEN PLAIN

作　　者：李丹[1] 杨光 倪春迪[1] 李廷锋 战大庆 LI Dan;YANG Guang;NI Chun-di;LI Ting-feng;ZHAN Da-qing(Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin 150050, China;Harbin Water Supply Group Co., Ltd, Harbin 150080, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工程学院,哈尔滨150050 [2]哈尔滨供水集团有限责任公司,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第4期186-191,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41701198);黑龙江省青年科学基金(QC2016051);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT-2017170);黑龙江省博士后基金(LBH-Z17039)

摘　　要：耕地资源是人类赖以生存的基础性资源,科学地判定其变化特征以及空间分布格局,对促进耕地资源的空间优化布局以及保护耕地等方面具有非常重要的意义。选取松嫩平原北部的典型区域黑龙江省黑河市嫩江县为研究区,通过对研究区1984年和2011年Landsat8TM遥感影像进行解译,运用Arc GIS10. 0软件、耕地指数法、GIS空间分析法对研究区耕地资源空间分布及其变化特征进行研究。结果表明:1)研究区1984年耕地主要分布在北部及东部,2011年耕地主要分布在中部及北部; 2)研究区西部耕地分布呈现出密集分布的空间特征,东部呈现出稀疏分布的空间特征; 3) 1984—2011年研究区耕地空间格局发生了明显变化,南部乡镇变化较大,中部和西部乡镇变化居中,北部和东部乡镇变化最小,行政区划上双山镇耕地变化最大。研究成果可在一定程度上为嫩江县耕地资源的合理配置,耕地资源的保护及耕地空间布局优化提供参考。Cultivated land resources are fundamental to the survival of human, and determining the variation characteristics and spatial distribution pattern scientifically has great significance in optimizing the layout of space and protecting arable lands, etc.This paper selected the Nenjiang County in Heihe in Heilongjiang Province as the study area which was the typical area in the north of Songnen Plain.The spatial distribution and variation characteristics of cultivated land were studied by interpreting Landsat8 TM remote sensing images of the study area in 1984 and 2011, using ArcGIS10.0 software, farmland index method and GIS spatial analysis method.The results showed: 1) The distribution of cultivated land in the study area varied from the north and east in 1984 to middle and north in 2011;2) Cultivated land in the west of study area showed the dense distribution in space, but sparse in the east;3) Spatial structure of the cultivated land in the study area has varied significantly from 1984 to 2011.Change of towns in the south was greater than that in the middle and west, and was the least in the north and east, moreover, the biggest variation of cultivated land occurred in Shuangshan Town by administrative division.The study results of this paper can provide theoretical basis for the rational allocation of cultivated land resources, the protection of cultivated land resources and the optimization of cultivated land spatial distribution in Nenjiang County.

关 键 词：耕地空间分布 耕地指数 变化特征 GIS 松嫩平原北部 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]