住院老年冠心病患者衰弱与肌肉功能评价的横断面分析  

A cross-sectional study on the association between frailty and muscular performances in hospitalized elder patients with coronary artery disease

作　　者：张宁 朱文玲[2] 刘晓红 陈伟[3] 朱鸣雷 吴炜[2] 田然[2] 韩业晨[2] Zhang Ning;Zhu Wenling;Liu Xiaohong;Chen Wei;Zhu Minglei;Wu Wei;Tian Ran;Han Yechen(Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China;Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China;Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,北京协和医院老年医学科,100730 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,北京协和医院心内科,100730 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,北京协和医院临床营养科,100730

出　　处：《中华内科杂志》2019年第4期265-269,共5页Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine

基　　金：北京市科委十大疾病科技成果推广项目(Z171100001017251).

摘　　要：目的分析住院老年冠心病患者衰弱评价与肌肉功能的关系。方法连续入选2017年12月至2018年3月在北京协和医院老年医学科及心内科住院治疗、年龄≥65岁的冠心病患者,共122例,年龄65~85岁。运用老年综合评估,评价患者的并存疾病及老年综合征。衰弱的评估采用临床衰弱评分。测量患者手握力、步速等肌肉功能指标。对评估发现手握力下降(男性<26 kg、女性<18 kg)或步速减低(<0.8 m/s)的患者,进一步采用生物电阻抗法进行人体成分测量,包括四肢骨骼肌量、全身骨骼肌量等,计算四肢骨骼肌指数。结果所有入组老年冠心病患者中,合并衰弱患者28例(23.0%)、非衰弱患者94例(77.0%)。与非衰弱组相比,衰弱组患者年龄更大[(76.7±5.4)岁比(72.2±5.6)岁]、Charlson共病指数更高[2.0(1.0,2.75)比1.0(0,2.0)]、前白蛋白水平较低[(207.8±60.0)mg/L比(234.3±45.4)mg/L]、超敏C反应蛋白水平较高[(5.89±9.57)mg/L比(1.89±2.49)mg/L]、用药种类更多[(8.11±3)种比(6.6±2.7)种],需要辅助行走(28.57%比6.38%)、合并尿失禁(39.29%比15.96 %)及营养不良(14.29%比1.06%)的比例更高,P值均<0.05。合并衰弱患者的步速[(0.54±0.2)m/s比(0.91±0.22)m/s]、握力[(19.67±7)kg比(29.23±8.29)kg]明显低于非衰弱患者(P值均<0.001)。Spearman秩相关分析显示,手握力与四肢骨骼肌量、全身骨骼肌量,及四肢骨骼肌指数均呈显著正相关(r=0.811、0.74、0.783,P值均<0.001)。结论住院老年冠心病患者衰弱的发生率较高,合并衰弱冠心病患者的肌肉功能明显减退。运用衰弱与肌肉功能评价能够更全面地反映老年冠心病患者的功能状态。Objective To explore the association between frailty and muscle performances of hospitalized elder adults with coronary artery disease. Methods A total of 122 hospitalized patients aged 65-85 years old with coronary artery disease from Department of Geriatrics and Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital between December 2017 and March 2018 were enrolled in the study. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed to evaluate existing comorbidity and geriatric syndromes of the patients. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Fraity Scale. The patients were classified as frail and non-frail, according to the scale. Muscle performances were assessed using grip strength, gait speed, etc. Whole body and appendicular skeletal muscle mass was detected with bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients with reduced grip strength or slowed gait speed. Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) was calculated. Results Among all subjects, 28 were with frailty (23.0%) and 94 were without (77.0%). The frail patients were older [(76.7±5.4) years vs.(72.2±5.6)years], had higher Charlson comorbidity index [2.0(1.0,2.75)vs. 1.0(0,2.0)], and higher proportion of malnutrition (14.29% vs. 1.06%), urinary incontinence (39.29% vs. 15.96%), using walking-aid (28.57% vs. 6.38%), and more kinds of taken drugs (8.1±3.0 vs. 6.6±2.7), than the non-frail patients. Prealbumin levels [(207.8±60.0)mg/L vs.(234.3±45.4)mg/L] were lower, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein levels [(5.89±9.57)mg/L vs.(1.89±2.49)mg/L] were higher in the frail patients than in the non-frail patients (all P<0.05). Compared with non-frail patients, the frail patients had poorer grip strength [(19.67±7)kg vs.(29.23±8.29)kg] and slower gait speed [(0.54±0.2)m/s vs.(0.91±0.22)m/s](all P<0.001). Spearman rank correlation analyses showed that grip strength was positively correlated with the appendicular skeletal muscle mass(r=0.811), whole body skeletal muscle mass(r=0.74) and the ASMI (r=0.783), respectively. Conclusions The incidence of frailt

关 键 词：老年人 冠心病 衰弱 肌肉功能 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]