氧化石墨烯的制备及形成机理  

Preparation and Formation Mechanism of Graphene Oxide

作　　者：侯永刚 吕生华[1,3] 张佳 罗潇倩[1] 孙立 HOU Yong-gang;Lü Sheng-hua;ZHANG Jia;LUO Xiao-qian;SUN Li(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an710021, Shaanxi, China;School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technologyical University,Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry EngineeringEducation, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]西安工业大学材料与化工学院,陕西西安710021 [3]轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心(陕西科技大学),陕西西安710021

出　　处：《精细化工》2019年第4期559-567,共9页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21276152);陕西省科技统筹项目(2016KTCL01-14)~~

摘　　要：氧化石墨烯(GO)作为一种石墨烯衍生物,结构中含有大量羟基、环氧基、羧基和羰基等含氧官能团,使其易与其他物质通过相互作用复合,从而提高和拓宽传统材料的性能及应用。GO的结构和尺寸等性质会受石墨氧化过程中制备方法、石墨来源、氧化剂种类、反应条件等因素的影响。针对GO的制备、形成机理、结构控制等方面的研究逐渐引起科研工作者的重视。该文综述近几年有关GO的制备、方法改进、制备过程中涉及到的化学反应和形成机理以及GO结构影响其宏观性能和应用的研究进展,指出确定GO的形成机理和精确控制GO的结构是制约其应用的关键,从工业化生产和可持续性发展的角度对要拓宽和实现GO的应用存在的问题及研究方向进行了总结和展望。Graphene oxide(GO), as a graphene derivative, contains a large number of oxygen-containing groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, carboxyl and carbonyl. This makes it easy to interact with other substances, which enhances and broadens the performance and application of traditional materials. The structure, size and other properties of GO are affected by preparation method, graphite source, oxidant type and reaction conditions in the oxidation process of graphite. The researches on the preparation,formation mechanism and structure control of GO have gradually attracted the attention of researchers. In this paper, the research progress in recent years on the preparation of GO, modified method GO preparation, chemical reaction and formation mechanism involved in the preparation process, and the influence of GO structure on its properties and applications are reviewed. It is pointed out that determining the formation mechanism and precisely controlling the structure of GO are the key factors to restrict its application. From the perspective of industrial production and sustainable development, the problems and research directions of broadening and realizing the application of GO are summarized and forecasted.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 制备 化学过程 机理 氧化 

分 类 号：TB303[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]