微生物菌剂和生防木霉菌对甘蓝黑腐病的田间防效及其对甘蓝的促生作用  

Field control effects of microbial preparations and biocontrol strains of Trichoderma on cabbage black rot in field and its growth-promoting effects on cabbage

作　　者：赵玳琳 卯婷婷[1] 王廿[1] 赵兴丽 娄璇 陶刚[1] ZHAO Dai-lin;MAO Ting-ting;WANG Nian;ZHAO Xing-li;LOU Xuan;TAO Gang(Institute of Plant Protection,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第4期761-767,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201102);贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划项目(黔科合服企〔2015〕4012);贵州省农业科学院专项(黔农科院院专项〔2016〕029号)

摘　　要：【目的】明确供试微生物菌剂和生防木霉菌对甘蓝黑腐病的大田防治效果及其对甘蓝植株的促生作用,为甘蓝黑腐病的生物防治提供参考。【方法】通过室内盆栽灌根法测定4株生防木霉菌(GYXM-1p1、GYSW-3m1、KLSD-8m^3和GYYC-15p2)对甘蓝植株的促生作用;采用田间灌根、根部穴施和叶面喷施等方法评价4株生防木霉菌(GYXM-1p1、GYSW-3m1、KLSD-8m^3和GYYC-15p2)和4种微生物菌剂(抗重茬微生态制剂+绿康威微生物肥、淡紫拟青霉微生物肥、沃丰康—复合微生物菌剂和沃丰康—克线散粉剂)对甘蓝黑腐病的田间防治效果及其对甘蓝植株的促生作用。【结果】盆栽促生试验结果表明,4株生防木霉菌中GYXM-1p1菌株对甘蓝的促生作用最明显,处理后甘蓝植株的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重和干重、根鲜重和干重、植株总鲜重和总干重均显著高于清水对照(P<0.05),其中植株总鲜重和总干重分别较清水对照增加417.60%和762.69%。大田促生试验结果表明,4株生防木霉菌中GYXM-1p1菌株对甘蓝叶球的促生作用最明显,叶球鲜重为1758.89 g/个,较清水对照增幅为23.19%;4种微生物菌剂中沃丰康—克线散粉剂对叶球的促生作用最明显,叶球鲜重为1882.22 g/个,增幅为31.83%,其次是抗重茬微生态制剂+绿康威微生物肥,叶球鲜重为1818.89 g/个,增幅为27.39%。大田防效试验结果表明,4株生防木霉菌中GYYC-15p2菌株对甘蓝黑腐病的防治效果最佳,防效达79.16%,其次是GYXM-1p1菌株,防效为63.62%;沃丰康—复合微生物菌剂、淡紫拟青霉微生物肥、抗重茬微生态制剂+绿康威微生物肥和沃丰康—克线散粉剂对甘蓝黑腐病的防效分别为67.77%、67.77%、66.29%和57.41%,4者防效差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】生防木霉菌GYXM-1p1菌株可作为生防资源应用于甘蓝黑腐病防治,抗重茬微生态制剂+绿康威微生物肥可直接应用于大田甘蓝黑腐病的防治。【Objective】In order to provide scientific basis for screening the highly effective biocontrol agents for controlling cabbage black rot,control effects of microbial preparations and biocontrol strains of Trichoderma on cabbage black rot in field and its growth-promoting effect on cabbage were researched.【Method】The growth-promoting effects of the four biocontrol strains of Trichoderm(GYXM-1p1,GYSW-3m1,KLSD-8m3 and GYYC-15p2)on cabbage were tested by root irrigation in pot experiments. The growth-promoting and control effects of black rot of the four biocontrol strains of Trichoderma(GYXM-1p1,GYSW-3m1,KLSD-8m3 and GYYC-15p2)and the four microbial preparations (Kangchongcha probiotics+Lükangwei microbial fertilizer,Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial fertilizer,Wofengkang-compound microbial preparation and Wofengkang-Kexiansan powder)on cabbage were tested by root irrigation,applying in holes near root and foliage spraying in the field.【Result】Among the four biocontrol strains of Trichoderma,the results of pot pro-growth experiments showed that strain GYXM-1p1 treatment was the most useful on growth promotion,the plant height,root length,fresh and dry weight of foliage and stem,fresh and dry weight of root,total fresh weight and total dry weight of plant were significantly higher than clear water control treatment(P<0.05),with the plant total fresh weight and total dry weight increased by 417.60% and 762.69% compared with control respectively. Among the four biocontrol strains of Trichoderma,the results of field pro-growth experiments showed that GYXM-1p1 treatment had the highest growth-promoting effect on cabbage bulb,the bulb fresh weight was 1758.89 g/bulb,and the increase was 23.19% compared with control. Among the four microbial preparations,Wofengkang-Kexiansan powder treatment had the highest growth-promoting effect on cabbage bulb,the bulb fresh weight was 1882.22 g/bulb and increased by 31.83%,followed by Kangchongcha probiotics+Lükangwei microbial fertilizer treatment,the bulb fresh weight was

关 键 词：甘蓝黑腐病 微生物菌剂 木霉菌 防效 促生作用 

分 类 号：S436.35[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]