单螺栓装配位置对螺栓连接性能的影响  

Effects of bolt connection self-loosening with different assembling position

作　　者：金伟娅[1] 张鹏程 周明珏[1] 李曰兵 JIN Weiya;ZHANG Pengcheng;ZHOU Mingjue;LI Yuebing(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《浙江工业大学学报》2019年第3期262-267,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11602219)

摘　　要：为了研究横向载荷下螺栓装配位置对螺栓连接自松动的影响,设计了螺栓实验装置,利用英斯特朗实验机(Instron 8872)进行了实验。根据螺栓装配位置不同时螺栓夹紧力的变化和载荷与拉伸位移所形成的滞回线,研究了螺栓装配位置对螺栓连接的影响。实验数据表明:螺栓和螺栓孔之间的对中度越好,螺栓连接的寿命越大,连接性能越可靠;螺栓非对中装配时,螺栓和螺栓孔壁之间易发生剪切接触,使得螺栓夹紧力损耗较大,螺栓容易发生松动,连接寿命较低。螺栓装配时控制螺栓的对中度能够有效提高螺栓的连接性能,保证螺栓连接寿命。该分析为螺栓的工程应用和螺栓防松提供可靠的理论依据。Aiming at investigating the effects of assembling position on the bolt connection self-loosening performance under transverse loads,the experimental set-up is made and a series of tests are conducted with Instron test machine.Based on the variation of the clamping force and the hysteresis loop formed by the force and the external distance with different assembling position,effects of assembling position is investigated for bolted joint.The test results indicate that the bolt assembly with good alignment between the bolt and slotted hole has good connection performance.When the bolts are assembled with bad alignment,the bolt is sheared easily through the wall of the slotted hole,which could accelerate the drop-off for the clamping force.Controlling the alignment extent between the bolt and the slotted hole is an effective method to enhance the connection performance and the using life for the bolted joint.The results experimentally verify effects of the assembling position for bolted joint and are significant for bolt-using and designing anti-loosening structures.

关 键 词：螺栓连接 装配位置 对中度 可靠性 

分 类 号：TH131.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]