环境史视阈下清末越南北部边境地区的治理困境  

The Governance Dilemma for the Border Areas of Northern Vietnam in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Environmental History

作　　者：郑维宽[1] 林炫臻 ZHENG Weikuan;LIN Xuanzhen(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Guangxi University for Nationalities,Nanning,Guangxi,China 530006)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学民族学与社会学学院,广西南宁530006

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2019年第2期19-25,82,共8页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"10-19世纪王朝建构视野下的岭南边疆民族社会变迁研究"(13AZS017)

摘　　要：清末越南北部边境地区的环境在外地人看来较为恶劣,官方文献中所谓感染"烟瘴""岚瘴""瘴气",大多表现为水土不服、气候不适和感染疟疾,特别是外来的军人和从事繁重体力劳动的劳工,染病死亡的比例甚高。烟瘴环境对外来势力的渗入无疑是一道天然的屏障,因此越南统治者在对边境地区加强行政管控和军事驻防时,不得不利用土著势力,但这种方式又与加强直接管控的努力相违背,折射出边疆治理的困境。The environment of the border areas of northern Vietnam was viewed as a rather bad one by outsiders in the Qing Dynasty. In the official documents,the so-called miasmawas in fact mostly reflected as unacclimatization and malaria infection,especially for the out-of-town soldiers and workers engaged in heavy physical labor. The proportion of people who have died of malaria infection was particularly high for them.Miasma environment was undoubtedly a natural barrier for the infiltration of foreign forces. Therefore,when the Vietnamese rulers strengthened their administrative control and military garrison in the border areas,they all thought of using local indigenous forces. But this approach was also contrary to the efforts to strengthen direct management and control,which reflected the predicament of the governance.

关 键 词：清末 越南北部 边境地区 烟瘴环境 治理困境 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学] K333.4[历史地理—中国史]