全反射法测三棱镜折射率的相图研究  

Study Phase Diagram of Prism Refractive Index by the Total Reflection Method

作　　者：高雁[1] 康德胜 刘永庆 GAO Yan;KANG Desheng;LIU Yongqing(Depatment of Physics,Xinzhou Teachers University,Shanxi Xinzhou 034000)

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院物理系,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2019年第2期34-36,共3页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：忻州师范学院院级教学改革创新项目(JG201818)

摘　　要：在日常生活中有很多透明的固体,例如:玻璃、眼镜、手机屏幕、水晶等。对于这些透明的固体,研究它的折射率有很大的价值。鉴于一些透明固体的形状不规则,所以常将这些固体铸成三棱镜来测量其折射率。本文研究了全反射法中的入射角与三棱镜顶角、折射率的关系,进一步利用MATLAB、Mathematica这两种软件分别建立了它们之间的相图,并且从物理的角度分析了相图,解释了相图所具有的物理意义。该研究为以后测量三棱镜的折射率提供了一种新的思路。There are many transparent solids in daily life,such as glass,glasses,mobile phone screen,crystal and so on.For these transparent solids,it is of great value to study its refractive index.Due to the irregular shape of some transparent solids,these solids are often cast as prisms to measure their refractive index.The methods used for measuring the refractive index of the prisms.The relationship between the incident angle and the two factors including apex angle and refractive index of the prism in the total reflection method was investigated.The MATLAB and Mathematica softwares were used to establish the phase diagram between them,and the phase diagram from the physical point of view were analyzed to explain the physical meaning.It provides a new idea for measuring the refractive index of prisms in the future.

关 键 词：三棱镜的折射率 全反射法 入射角 顶角 相图 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]