锂同位素在伟晶岩矿床成因研究中的应用  

Application of lithium isotopes in genetic study of pegmatite deposits

作　　者：李贤芳 张玉洁 田世洪[1] LI Xianfang;ZHANG Yujie;TIAN Shihong(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MNR,Institute of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Beijing 100037,China;School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国地质》2019年第2期419-429,共11页Geology in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"深地资源勘查开采"专项"锂能源金属矿产基地深部探测技术示范"项目(2017YFC0602700)"同位素地球化学与配套深部探测技术研究"课题(2017YFC0602705);"大宗急缺矿产和战略性新兴产业矿产调查"工程"川西甲基卡大型锂矿资源基地综合调查评价"项目(DD20160055)~~

摘　　要：稀有金属矿产对现代工业和科技的发展极其重要,伟晶岩矿床作为稀有金属的主要来源,其成因与成矿作用有待深入研究,普遍争论的成因模式包括:花岗岩结晶分异、地壳部分熔融以及岩浆液态不混溶。研究表明地壳深熔过程中锂同位素不发生有意义的分馏,因此在解决花岗岩和伟晶岩的岩浆源区性质方面提供了强有力的证据。文章主要从花岗伟晶岩的成因、锂同位素分馏机制以及锂同位素在伟晶岩矿床中的应用三个方面系统综述了国内外近年来取得的一些研究进展。国内外学者以锂同位素分馏机制详细论述了花岗伟晶岩的Li同位素组成,认为伟晶岩矿床的成因主要为花岗岩结晶分异或地壳部分熔融。但是锂同位素应用于伟晶岩矿床成因方面的研究还不够成熟,需要开展更多的工作。Rare metal minerals are important for the development of modern industry and science and technology. The origin and mineralization of pegmatite deposits, which serve as the main sources of rare metal minerals, need to be studied thoroughly. The common disputes include the crystallization differentiation of granites, partial melting of the crust, and magma liquid immiscibility. Studies have shown that lithium isotopes underwent negligible fractionation during crustal anatexis and therefore provide strong evidence for the magmatic source of granites and pegmatites. Mainly from the three aspects of the origin of granite pegmatite, lithium isotope fractionation mechanism, and lithium isotope application in pegmatite deposit, this paper systematically summarizes some research progress made in recent years both in China and abroad. Domestic and foreign geologists have elaborated the Li isotopic composition of the granite pegmatite according to the lithium isotope fractionation mechanism. It is believed that the genesis of the pegmatite deposit may be mainly the crystallization of granite or the partial melting of the crust. However, the study of the origin of in pegmatite deposits is not mature enough and hence more work needs to be done.

关 键 词：伟晶岩矿床 源区 锂同位素 分馏机制 

分 类 号：P597[天文地球—地球化学] P611.12[天文地球—地质学]