洪涝仿真模型中河网洪水的计算研究  

Calculation on flood of river network in flood simulation model

作　　者：张念强[1,2,3] 李娜[1,3] 韩松[1,3] 徐卫红 丁志雄[1,3] 王杉[1,3] ZHANG Nianqiang;LI Na;HAN Song;XU Weihong;DING Zhixiong;WANG Shan(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing100038, China;Hohai University, Nanjing210098,Jiangsu, China;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of MWR, Beijing100038, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]河海大学,江苏南京210098 [3]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第4期39-46,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(JZ0145B042017)

摘　　要：为在洪涝仿真模型中计算河网及工程调度下的洪水演进,并综合考虑河道洪水与地面洪水的相互影响,本文建立了一维圣维南方程和河网汊点水量平衡方程组,按照preissmann四点差分格式进行离散,采用泰勒级数近似的方法计算了河网中跨河闸门在关闭、自由出流和淹没出流三种状态下的过流能力,利用并修改了矩阵标识法求解方程组,研发了一维河网模拟模型;利用堰流公式建立一维河网模拟模型和二维洪涝仿真模型的连接,实现了一、二维模型的耦合。从文献中选择典型算例验证模型,模拟结果与文献相同。以长江、汉江和东荆河河网及杜家台和洪湖蓄洪区为工程实例,模拟的河网洪水与实测数据基本一致,河道与两个蓄洪区的水量交换合理,证明新建立的一维河网模拟模型具备了对河网洪水演进的模拟能力,与二维模型耦合的方法合理。In order to simulate flood routing in river network with the regulation of water conservancy projects in flood simulation model, whilst considering the interaction between rivers and overland flood, the one-dimensional(1 D) saint-venant equations and junction mass-conservation formulas are established to develop 1 D dynamic model for river network. To compute flow through water conservancy projects such as weir or sluice, Taylor Series approximation method is used, and three status including sluice closure, free flow or submerged flow of the projects are simulated. The equations are discretized by using four-point difference schemes, and solved by adopting and improving the matrix-label method. The new established 1 D river network model is coupled to two-dimensional(2 D) flood simulation model by adopting weir formulas. Typical cases in literatures are adopted to validate the model, and the simulated results are same to the literatures. River network comprising Yangtze River, Han River and Dongjing River, and two flood detention areas named Dujiatai and Honghu are taken as pilot area, simulated flood is similar to observed data and flow exchange between rivers and the two detention areas is reasonable. The new established 1 D model and coupling method with 2 D model are proven to be feasible and scientific.

关 键 词：河网 洪涝 仿真模型 一、二维耦合 工程模拟 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]