论人大主导立法的适格主体  

On Qualified Subjects of the People's Congress in Leading Legislation

作　　者：赵一单 Zhao Yidan

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《政治与法律》2019年第5期66-80,共15页Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国政法大学第五批青年教师学术创新团队资助(项目编号:18CXTD10);国家社科基金项目"移动互联时代立法公众参与的类型特征;形成机制和应对策略研究"(项目编号:17CFX058)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：围绕人大主导立法的现有研究大都将人大视为一个物理学意义上的"质点",而没有充分意识到"人大"内部的复杂结构关系。官方对于人大主导立法的主体认知基本上穷尽了"人大"概念的所有可能所指。此种过于宽泛的认知方式反而导致了立法权的过度沉淀,造成了对主导立法之主体的不当界定。功能适当原则解释了立法权沉淀的原因,但该原则本身应当受到民主正当性要求的制约。人大主导立法首先应当发挥"有立法权的人大"自身的主导作用,在后者之中又应当首先发挥全国人大的主导作用。完善人大主导立法需要统筹考虑各方面主体之间的关系。In the current research into the leading role of the People's Congress in legislation,the People's Congress is mainly regarded as a particle in the sense of physics and the complicated structural relationship inside the People's Congress is not fully realized.The officially-recognized subjects of the People's Congress in leading legislation almost cover all possible references of the concept of the People's Congress.However,such excessively broad recognition has led to the excessive precipitation of legislative power,resulting in the improper definition of the subject leading the legislation.The principle of functional suitability gives explanation to the reason of excessive precipitation of legislative power,but such principle itself should be limited by the requirement of democratic legitimacy.The People's Congress leading legislation means that firstly the People's Congress with legislative power shall fully play its leading role,and secondly among them,the National People's Congress shall play its leading role first.In order to improve the mechanism of legislation led by the People's Congress,the relationship among various subjects should be comprehensively taken into account.

关 键 词：人大主导立法 全国人大 全国人大常委会 功能适当 民主正当性 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]