锥栗嫁接苗与实生苗叶片解剖特征及光合特性比较  

Comparison on Leaf Anatomical Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Grafted Seedlings and Seedlings in Castanea henryi

作　　者：李艳丽 熊欢[1] 彭小博 邹锋[1] 袁德义[1] LI Yan-li;XIONG Huan;PENG Xiao-bo;ZOU Feng;YUAN De-yi(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees,Ministry of Education,Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration,Cooperative Innovation Center of Cultivation and Utilization for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Hunan Province,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Hunan Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室经济林培育与利用湖南省2011协同创新中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第4期792-797,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划(2018NK2043);湖南省自然科学青年基金(2018JJ3870)

摘　　要：【目的】以2年生锥栗嫁接苗与实生苗为试材,比较分析2种苗木在叶片生长状况、形态结构及光合特性上的差异,为锥栗的良种苗木繁育提供参考。【方法】本实验主要采用Li-6400便携式光合仪测定法和石蜡切片法。【结果】①嫁接苗与实生苗的净光合速率(P_(max))、光补偿点(LCP)、光饱和点(LSP)、表现量子效率(AQY)及叶绿素(a+b)含量(C_c)等光合指标的差异显著(P<0.05),嫁接苗的C_c为(4.35±0.47)mg·dm^(-2)>实生苗(2.43±0.48)mg·dm^(-2),P_(max)为(6.77±0.01)μmol·m^(-2 )·s^(-1)>实生苗(5.13±0.002)μmol·m^(-2 )·s^(-1)。②叶片的生长指标,嫁接苗的叶面积和叶干物质量较高、比叶面积较低,嫁接苗叶面积为(44.23±5.78)cm^2是实生苗(24.55±4.57 cm^2)的1.80倍。③与实生苗相比,嫁接苗的叶片厚度、主脉厚度、表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、下表皮气孔密度以及叶脉密度等结构指标均较高。其中,嫁接苗的栅栏组织厚度、主脉厚度及下表皮气孔密度分别高出实生苗35%、38%和50%。【结论】锥栗苗木的光合能力与叶片结构特征关系密切,嫁接苗叶片的生长状况优于实生苗,对光的适应性和光合利用能力强于实生苗。【Objective】This study was to compare the difference of leaf growth,structure and photosynthetic characteristics in grafts and seeds of Castanea henryi.【Method】The portable Li-6400 photosynthesis apparatus and paraffin section were used in this experiment.【Result】These five photosynthetic parameters between two kinds of seedlings were significantly different,which were maximum photosynthetic rate(Pmax),light saturation point(LSP),light compensation point(LCP),performance quantum efficiency(AQY)and chlorophyll-containing(Cc),respectively.By Pn-PPFD curves,it is obvious that grafts’Pmax was(6.77±0.01)μmol·m^-2·s^-1,higher than that of seeds,which was(5.13±0.002)μmol·m^-2·s^-1.Seeds’Cc was(2.43±0.48)mg·dm^-2,which was lower than grafts’Cc(4.35±0.47)mg·dm^-2.In addition,leaf area and dry matter were higher in grafts,while specific leaf area was lower than seeds.Leaf area from grafts was about 1.8 times higher than seed-origin seedlings(24.55±4.57)cm^2.Compared to seeds’leaf structure indexes,most grafts were bigger,by 35%in palisade-tissue’s thickness,38%in main-vein’s thickness,and 50%in stomatal density.【Conclusion】Correlations between photosynthetic capacity and leaf traits were significant irrespective of seedlings origin,and the leaf of grafts grew greater and had better photosynthetic capacity and adaptability to a wide range of environmental light than seeds of C.henryi.

关 键 词：锥栗 嫁接苗 实生苗 叶片解剖结构 光合特性 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]