石灰岩山地淡竹林“岩石-土壤-植物”系统的重金属元素迁聚规律  

Transportation and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Rock-Soil-Plant System of Phyllostachys glauca Forest in Limestone Mountain

作　　者：茅思雨 李百球 樊燕[1,2] 俞社保 施建敏[1,2] MAO Si-yu;LI Bai-qiu;FAN Yan;YU She-bao;SHI Jian-min(College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Jiangxi Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for BambooGermplasm Resources and Utilization,Jiangxi Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Institute of Geological Survey,Jiangxi Nanchang330030,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省地质调查研究院,江西南昌330030

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第4期872-877,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"淡竹对石灰岩山地水分脉动的适应机制"(31660198);国家自然科学基金"石灰岩困难立地优势种淡竹的觅食策略研究"(31260174);江西省重点研发计划项目"高效;可持续经营淡竹林采伐模式研究与示范"(20161BBF60082)

摘　　要：【目的】为探讨石灰岩山地"岩石-土壤-植物"生态系统(The Rock-Soil-Plant System,简写RSPS)的重金属元素迁移累积规律。【方法】以江西省瑞昌市石灰岩山地淡竹(Phyllostachys glauca)林为研究对象,测定了岩石、土壤和植物,包括建群种淡竹和伴生种胡颓子(Elaeagnus pungens)、油茶(Camellia oleifera)、枸骨(Ilex cornuta)中Cu、Zn、Co、Pb等4种重金属元素的含量。【结果】①从岩石到土壤,4种重金属元素含量都有不同程度升高,Pb含量增幅较大,是岩石的35.92倍;植物的4种重金属元素含量均低于土壤,其中植物的Co含量相比土壤有较大幅度地降低,占土壤中元素含量的1.15%;②枸骨的Zn含量高达(331.92±67.71)mg/kg,是其他植物的十几倍;淡竹Pb的含量只有(2.63±1.41)mg/kg,远小于其他3种植物;③从岩石到土壤重金属的迁移系数排序为:Pb>Co>Cu>Zn,植物体内重金属的累积能力趋势为Zn>Pb>Cu>Co。【结论】赣西北石灰岩山地重金属元素从岩石到土壤重金属元素均相对积累,植物对土壤中重金属元素的吸收具有选择性差异;不同石灰岩地区重金属从岩石到土壤均相对累积,Pb元素在赣西北石灰岩山地RSPS中具有较强的累积能力;根据土壤和植物中重金属含量研究结果,该地区发展淡竹和油茶作为经济林木可行。【Objective】The study aimed to investigate the migration and accumulation of heavy metals in the Rock-Soil-Plant System(RSPS)in limestone mountainous regions.【Method】The contents of Cu,Zn,Pb and Co elements in rocks,soil and plant species,including one constructive species Phyllostachys glauca and three auxiliary species Elaeagnus pungens,Camellia oleifera and Ilex cornuta were sampled in limestone mountain in the Ruichang city of Jiangxi province,China.The four heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Pb,Co)of samples were determined.【Result】(i)From the rock to the soil,the contents of the four heavy metals increased to varying degrees,of which the Pb content increased by 35.92 times.And contents of the four heavy metals of the plant were lower than that of the soil,while the content of Co decreased significantly compared with that of soil,which accounted for 1.15%of the element content in the soil,respectively.(ii)The Zn content in I.cornuta was as high as(331.92±67.71)mg/kg,which was a dozen times of other plants.The content of Pb in Ph.glauca was only(2.63±1.41)mg/kg,which was much smaller than that of other plants.(iii)The order of the migration coefficient of four heavy metals into soil was:Pb>Co>Cu>Zn.The overall trend of cumulative ability is Zn>Pb>Cu>Co.【Conclusion】The RSPS accumulation rule of limestone mountain in northwestern Jiangxi is as follows:The accumulation of heavy metals from the rock to the soil are accumulated.The plants have selective difference in the absorption of heavy metals in the soil.In different limestone areas,heavy metals are relatively accumulated from rock to soil,and Pb elements have strong accumulation ability in RSPS in limestone mountains in northwestern Jiangxi.According to the results of heavy metals content in soil and plants,it is feasible to develop Ph.glauca and C.oleifera as economic forests in this area.

关 键 词：建群种 伴生种 迁移积累 生物吸收 淋溶系数 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]