天津海水工厂化养殖发展历程与现状分析  

Analysis on development process and current situation of Tianjin industrial marine aquaculture

作　　者：辛乃宏 张树森[2] 杨永海[2] 邢克智[3] XIN Naihong;ZHANG Shusen;YANG Yonghai;XING Kezhi(Salt Research Institute,CNSIC,Tianjin 300450,China;Tianjin Haifa Seafood Industrial Development Co.,ltd.,Tianjin 300452,China;Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中盐工程技术研究院有限公司,天津300450 [2]天津市海发珍品实业发展有限公司,天津300452 [3]天津农学院,天津300384

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2019年第2期1-6,共6页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：天津市水产现代农业产业技术体系项目(ITTFRS2017017)

摘　　要：天津是国内工厂化海水养殖发展最快的区域之一,近几年随着天津滨海新区地下水的限采以及环保部门对养殖尾水排放的严格控制,海水工厂化养殖面临新的挑战。天津海水养殖发展一直受到土地和海水资源短缺因素的制约,天津海岸线为浅滩泥底潮汐带,海水比较浑浊,且工业污水和城市污水排放以及渤海和黄海较低的海水交换率造成海水富营养化。天津的气温变化大,适合室外露天养殖的时间短,但天津周边鲜活海产品巨大的市场需求和其丰富的地热资源及盐田卤水条件,促进了天津集约化的工厂化海水养殖的发展。回顾了天津海水工厂化养殖的发展历史,介绍了工厂化养殖设施装备的主要特点,分析、提出了海水工厂化养殖存在的问题及发展对策。Tianjin is one of the fastest development areas of industrial marine aquaculture in China.In recent years,with the limited exploitation of groundwater in Binhai New Area,Tianjin and the strict control of aquaculture tail water discharge by the environmental protection department,industrial marine aquaculture is in the face of new challenges.The development of marine aquaculture in Tianjin has been restricted by the shortage of land and sea water resources.The coastline in Tianjin is in a tidal zone with shallow and muddy bottom,the seawater has high turbidity,and the discharge of industrial and municipal sewage and the low exchange rate of seawater in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea have resulted in seawater eutrophication.A wide temperature fluctuation caused a short period of outdoor open aquaculture.Nevertheless,the high demand for live seafood surrounding Tianjin,the rich geothermal resources and the brine resources from saltworks are favorable for development of intensive industrial marine aquaculture in Tianjin.The development history of industrial marine aquaculture in Tianjin is reviewed,the main characteristics of industrial aquaculture equipment are introduced,and the existing problems of and the development countermeasures for industrial marine aquaculture are analyzed and proposed.

关 键 词：天津水产养殖 工厂化养殖 海水养殖 

分 类 号：S965.334[农业科学—水产养殖]